home/ Cellars cellar

Fencing on the roofs of multi-storey buildings. Roof railing height - what you need to know

It is very important to observe all safety measures when erecting fences on the roof of buildings. For this, there are certain rules and standards that must be observed without fail.

However, the construction of protective structures in accordance with GOST and SNiPs is a rarity, since many builders do not even have the slightest idea about the standards.

Division of roofs into types

Looking at the roof of various buildings, you can notice one feature - it often differs from each other.

That is why there is a clear division into two groups, which are also divided into subgroups.

The first group includes a flat roof. This type of roof should not cause any difficulties in the construction of fences.

But the second group - a pitched roof, can cause more difficulties than it seems.. In this case, the norms of roof fencing should be applied to several subgroups separately.
The first subgroup - fences on one or gable (four-slope) roofs, the second - attic, where the angle of the roof is quite high. The third subgroup includes a multi-gable roof, where the installation of fences requires individual calculations.

All roofs should also be divided into operated and non-operated. This factor also affects the installation of fences.

Operated roof

Let's talk about the features of roofs that are constantly used by people for any purpose: installing equipment, holding repair work, snow removal and much more.

Referring to SNiP 21 01 97, it is worth noting that roof fencing must be installed on any building whose height is more than 10 meters. It is also said that the angle of inclination of the roof, in this case, is not more than 12%.

Note!
For buildings with 12% or more, a separate rule is provided - their height is taken into account from 7 meters.

It is also worth noting that roof railings are installed in accordance with GOST 25772-83 “Steel railings for stairs, balconies and roofs”.
Features of the interpretation of these standards:
The height of the fence on the roof according to SNiP depends on the total height of the building. On objects with a total height of up to 30 meters, it is permissible to install a barrier with dimensions from 1100 mm. At objects from 30 meters or more, structures must be at least 1200 mm.

If the fence is already installed on an existing parapet, then the dimensions of the parapet should be subtracted from the overall dimensions.

The subtleties of GOST also apply to the frame manufacturing process. So the distance between the horizontal posts should be no more than 300 mm. For vertical elements, the rule is even tougher - no more than 100 mm.

For your information!
A roof fencing is also provided - GOST 25772 83, using special heavy-duty glass, which is installed as a hinged screen.

Unexploited roof
The main feature of this section is the absence of strict requirements, because people are not allowed to go to the roof. But do not forget about emergency situations, when the use of a roof is simply necessary, this is due not only to the performance of the equipment, but also to human lives.
Therefore, special bridges and ladders are installed on unused roofs to prevent a person from falling. They are made taking into account the correct distribution of the entire body weight on the surface of the flooring.
In this case, all the requirements of SNiPa 21 01 97 remain the same, but GOST 25772 83 introduces some changes for the installation of roof fencing:
The minimum height of the barrier for any type of building and regardless of the number of storeys must be at least 600 mm.

The distance between vertical and horizontal structural elements must not exceed 300 mm.

Important!
It should be remembered that violation of GOSTs can lead to adverse consequences, where a fine is not the worst thing that can happen.

Once you have read the above information, you can proceed to the next section, which describes all the options.
Roofing materials
The cheapest and affordable option items made of ordinary metal are considered. They are covered by special means, allowing to increase the protection of the material from negative atmospheric influences. For this, the method of powder spraying is used, which gives increased fixation to the surface layer.

But if the price in this matter is not the most important criterion, then stainless steel should be preferred.. The material does not require any additional processing, its structure is resistant to all negative impacts.
Stainless steel is a guarantee of durability and reliability. In addition, it can be used for re-assembly.

For roof fencing, various glass products are also used, which make it possible to give the building the most attractive appearance.
Unfortunately, it is unlikely that such structures can be installed with your own hands; this requires a special tool. This factor increases the cost of barriers several times.

Note!
Also, plastic nets for fencing sports grounds can also be used for roof fencing.
High-quality material easily tolerates severe frosts, is resistant to moisture and is not afraid of ultraviolet rays.
At the same time, it significantly increases safety on exploited roofs.
These nets are suitable for both temporary use and everyday use.

Whichever option you choose, you should remember that the basis of everything is reliability and durability.
Technical requirements
To build a roof fence in accordance with GOST, you should, adhering to the rules, perform the following actions:
Roof railings should not be singled out against the background of the entire building. They should advise standard colors, harmonize in design, and not attract undue attention.

Important!
It is forbidden to fasten and install any products of any nature on the roof railings.

The design must be made of high quality materials. Moreover, you should check the documentary component of the organization that provides the fence.
For this, there is a special GOST - 23118, there is also SNiP III-18, which provides for the rules for the manufacture of welded structures.

It is equally important that all installation work be carried out by specialized companies that have permission and licenses for this. It would also be useful to have professional tool to speed up the installation process.

Roof fencing GOST 25772 83 for children's institutions should not have any inclined intermediate elements.

It is important to take into account all the dimensions of the barriers that are installed on the roofs, in accordance with the above rules. Please note that the size of the fence directly depends on the number of storeys of the building.

For your information!
As for additional safety, it is necessary to install walkways and gentle stairs on pitched roofs.
This allows employees of profiling organizations to spend less effort on the implementation of work, installation of equipment and snow removal.

Checking the quality and integrity of fences
In order to comply with all GOSTs and SNiPs, it is important not only the process of installation and operation itself, but the process of mandatory verification (see the article on for more details). It is necessary to identify flaws, inconsistencies and defects.
The verification test instructions are described below:
The first step is a visual inspection of the fences.. This process must be carried out once or twice a year, as well as after storm winds and heavy snowfalls.
It allows you to make sure that the structure is not damaged. Pay attention to: fasteners and welded elements.

After that, you should proceed to the load test. It is very important to understand that this process should be trusted only to specialized organizations that have access and permission to work.
In any case, do not forget to protect the object of inspection with warning signs.

For your information!
For such cases, there is a rental of fencing for construction sites, cheap fences can save both time and money on construction. In addition, the companies that provide these products will help install them.

If all the fences have been successfully tested, after testing no defects and flaws have been identified, you should start filling out the documents.
This process is also carried out by the testing company, after which, you must sign and agree or disagree with the test report.

Having received the relevant document in your hands, you must keep it for five years - that's when the next check is carried out. It is usually used to verify tests, as well as to identify oversights and violations of the rules. In any case, it is of particular importance to the auditing organization.

Existing types of fences
It should be noted that according to the norms, the fence on the roof can be of several types:
The simplest and most affordable option is. Such products are usually made of class A1 reinforcement, with a thickness of at least 4 mm.
A metal corner is also used as the base of the frame and metal strips as connecting elements. You can see it visually in the photo below.

An expensive option is plexiglass screens, which are fixed in metal frame. The cost of this type is much higher, but in appearance it outperforms the rest. Plexiglas can be covered with a protective tinted film, thereby making the fence the most attractive.

Reinforced concrete blind parapet - this option is practiced on inverted roofs, while being mounted around the perimeter. As we wrote earlier, parapets can be combined with metal fences, taking into account the dimensions, as a whole.

Note!
Do not forget that the roof is installed not for beauty, but for safety.

What is a metal fence made of?
Another useful section in which we will look at all the elements of a roof fence:
The basis is the support posts, which are made of metal pipes or profile metal. This element is responsible for the strength of the entire structure, so it must be checked before installation begins.

Horizontal crossbars - reinforcement bars of suitable diameters are used (from 4 to 8 mm)

Fasteners - brackets and metal corners. It is with the help of them that it is possible to carry out the installation of fences at any angle and on any surface.

We must not forget about nuts, bolts, washers and screws. In some cases, anchors are used, as well as welding and gluing.

Conclusion
Now you know how roof fencing is carried out in accordance with GOST and in accordance with SNiP 21 01 97. All rules and requirements comply with the standards, so after reading this article, you will receive answers to all your questions. The main thing to remember is that non-compliance with the rules can lead to adverse consequences.
In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

The installation of a roof fence is required for all types of roofs, regardless of whether the roof is in operation or not, that is, whether any roofing work is carried out on it or not. The requirements for them are regulated by SNiP 21 01 97 and GOST 25772 83.

Almost all roofs need roofing work - cleaning, repair or installation and maintenance of antennas, chimneys, gutters. To avoid falling and slipping off the roof of workers, it is necessary to properly organize the roof safety system.

According to SNiP 21 01 97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures" must be installed if:
- the roof is operated,
– roof slope up to 12%, building height over 10 meters,
- and also, if the slope is more than 12%, the height of the building is more than 7 meters.
The height of a building is the distance from the ground to the cornice or parapet.

According to GOST 25772 83 "Steel railings for stairs, balconies and roofs", which regulates the height of the railing, must be:
- height from 1 to 1.2 meters, with a building height of up to 30 meters,
- more than 1.2 meters, with a building height of 30 meters or more.
It is worth noting that in the presence of a parapet, it is necessary to reduce the height of the roof fence.

The vertical supports of its roofing, having a triangular shape, should be at a distance of no more than 1.2 meters.
Horizontal pipes should be mounted at a distance of no more than 0.3 m between them. There are also options for filling its frame:
- lattice - during installation metal grating between supports;
- screen - from solid sheet materials between supports in a metal frame;
- combined - that is, with lattice and screen parts.

Accordingly, the manufacture and installation of a roof fence must be carried out by workers with knowledge in this area in order for it to fulfill its main function - to ensure safety. The decorative value of the fence also takes place, but changing the shape, size, materials of the structures of the roof fence should not affect its strength and reliability.

Roof fencing SNiP 21 01 97 - safety

It is very important to observe all safety measures when erecting fences on the roof of buildings. For this, there are certain rules and standards that must be observed without fail.

However, the construction of protective structures in accordance with GOST and SNiPs is a rarity, since many builders do not even have the slightest idea about the standards.

Fences prevent snow from falling off the roofs, which is certainly a positive factor.

Division of roofs into types

Looking at the roof of various buildings, you can notice one feature - it often differs from each other.

That is why there is a clear division into two groups, which are also divided into subgroups.

The first group includes a flat roof. This type of roof should not cause any difficulties in the construction of fences.

sloping roof with metal fence installed strictly vertically

But the second group - a pitched roof, can cause more difficulties than it seems.. In this case, the norms of roof fencing should be applied to several subgroups separately.
The first subgroup - fences on one or gable (four-slope) roofs, the second - attic, where the angle of the roof is quite high. The third subgroup includes a multi-gable roof, where the installation of fences requires individual calculations.

The figure shows a multi-gable roof - the design of the fence is selected individually

All roofs should also be divided into operated and non-operated. This factor also affects the installation of fences.

Operated roof

Let's talk about the features of roofs that are constantly used by people for any purpose: installation of equipment, repair work, snow removal and much more.

Note!
For buildings with 12% or more, a separate rule is provided - their height is taken into account from 7 meters.

It is also worth noting that roof railings are installed in accordance with GOST 25772-83 “Steel railings for stairs, balconies and roofs”.

Features of the interpretation of these standards:

The height of the fence on the roof according to SNiP depends on the total height of the building. On objects with a total height of up to 30 meters, it is permissible to install a barrier with dimensions from 1100 mm. At objects from 30 meters or more, structures must be at least 1200 mm.
If the fence is already installed on an existing parapet, then the dimensions of the parapet should be subtracted from the overall dimensions.
The subtleties of GOST also apply to the frame manufacturing process. So the distance between the horizontal posts should be no more than 300 mm. For vertical elements, the rule is even tougher - no more than 100 mm.

For your information!
Roof fencing is also provided - GOST 25772 83, using special heavy-duty glass, which is installed as a hinged screen.

Installation of a ladder on an operated roof is required

Unexploited roof

The main feature of this section is the absence of strict requirements, because people are not allowed to go to the roof. But do not forget about emergency situations, when the use of a roof is simply necessary, this is due not only to the performance of the equipment, but also to human lives.

Therefore, special bridges and ladders are installed on unused roofs to prevent a person from falling. They are made taking into account the correct distribution of the entire body weight on the surface of the flooring.

A reliable ladder that allows you to easily move along a pitched roof

In this case, all the requirements of SNiPa 21 01 97 remain the same, but GOST 25772 83 introduces some changes for the installation of roof fencing:

The minimum height of the barrier for any type of building and regardless of the number of storeys must be at least 600 mm.
The distance between vertical and horizontal structural elements must not exceed 300 mm.

Important!
It should be remembered that violation of GOSTs can lead to adverse consequences, where a fine is not the worst thing that can happen.

After you have read the above information, you can proceed to the next section, which describes all the options for making fences and fences.

Roofing materials

The cheapest and most affordable option are products made of ordinary metal.. They are covered with special means to increase the protection of the material from negative atmospheric influences. For this, the method of powder spraying is used, which gives increased fixation to the surface layer.
But if the price in this matter is not the most important criterion, then stainless steel should be preferred.. The material does not require any additional processing, its structure is resistant to all negative influences.
Stainless steel is a guarantee of durability and reliability. In addition, it can be used for re-assembly.
For roof fencing, various glass products are also used, which make it possible to give the building the most attractive appearance.
Unfortunately, it is unlikely that such structures can be installed with your own hands; this requires a special tool. This factor increases the cost of barriers several times.

Note!
Also, plastic nets for fencing sports grounds can also be used for roof fencing.
High-quality material easily tolerates severe frosts, is resistant to moisture and is not afraid of ultraviolet rays.
At the same time, it significantly increases safety on exploited roofs.
These nets are suitable for both temporary use and everyday use.

Whichever option you choose, you should remember that the basis of everything is reliability and durability.

The figure shows an example of when the fences decided to fill with OSB sheets

Technical requirements

To build a roof fence in accordance with GOST, you should, adhering to the rules, perform the following actions:

Roof railings should not be singled out against the background of the entire building. They should advise standard colors, harmonize in design, and not attract undue attention.

Important!
It is forbidden to fasten and install any products of any nature on the roof railings.

The design must be made of high quality materials. Moreover, you should check the documentary component of the organization that provides the fence.
For this, there is a special GOST - 23118, there is also SNiP III-18, which provides for the rules for the manufacture of welded structures.
It is equally important that all installation work be carried out by specialized companies that have permission and licenses for this. It will also be useful to have a professional tool that allows you to speed up the installation process.
Roof fencing GOST 25772 83 for children's institutions should not have any inclined intermediate elements.
It is important to take into account all the dimensions of the barriers that are installed on the roofs, in accordance with the above rules. Please note that the size of the fence directly depends on the number of storeys of the building.

All work on the installation of barriers on the roof should be carried out only after the repair of the roof

For your information!
As for additional safety, it is necessary to install walkways and gentle stairs on pitched roofs.
This allows employees of profiling organizations to spend less effort on the implementation of work, installation of equipment and snow removal.

Checking the quality and integrity of fences

In order to comply with all GOSTs and SNiPs, it is important not only the installation and operation process itself, but the mandatory verification process (for more details, see the article on the roof fencing test report: sample filling). It is necessary to identify flaws, inconsistencies and defects.

The verification test instructions are described below:

The first step is a visual inspection of the fences.. This process must be carried out once or twice a year, as well as after storm winds and heavy snowfalls.
It allows you to make sure that the structure is not damaged. Pay attention to: fasteners and welded elements.
After that, you should proceed to the load test. It is very important to understand that this process should be trusted only to specialized organizations that have access and permission to work.
In any case, do not forget to protect the object of inspection with warning signs.

For your information!
For such cases, there is a rental of fencing for construction sites, cheap fences can save both time and money on construction. In addition, the companies that provide these products will help install them.

If all the fences have been successfully tested, after testing no defects and flaws have been identified, you should start filling out the documents.
This process is also carried out by the testing company, after which, you must sign and agree or disagree with the test report.

If there is as much snow on your roof as in this photo, you are lucky, the fence is installed with high quality

Having received the relevant document in your hands, you must keep it for five years - that's when the next check is carried out. It is usually used to verify tests, as well as to identify oversights and violations of the rules. In any case, it is of particular importance to the auditing organization.

Do not forget that not only the roof is subject to inspection, but also the fire escape.

The height of the fence on the roof snip

1) SP 2.13130-2012. 5.4.14: “If, when placing fire walls or fire partitions of the 1st type, an internal angle of less than 135 ° is formed at the junction of one part of the building to another, the following measures must be taken:

sections of cornice overhangs of roofs at a length of at least 4 m from the top of the corner should be made of NG materials or these elements should be sheathed with NG sheet materials;
sections of external walls adjacent to the fire wall or partition, at least 4 m long from the top of the corner, must be of fire hazard class KO and have a fire resistance limit equal to the fire resistance limit of the fire wall or fire partition;

As applied to our case, the questions in the attached image.

2) SP 4.13130-2013, clause 7.16: “In buildings and structures with a roof slope of not more than 12 percent inclusive, up to the eaves or top outer wall(parapet) more than 10 meters, as well as in buildings and structures with a roof slope of more than 12 percent, with a height of more than 7 meters to the eaves, roof fencing should be provided in accordance with the requirements of this set of rules. Regardless of the height of the building, these fences should be provided for operated flat roofs, balconies, loggias, outdoor galleries, open outdoor stairs, flights of stairs and landings.

SP 118.13330-2012, clause 6.43: “On the roof of buildings above 10 m, a fence should be provided in accordance with GOST 25772.”

How to resolve this contradiction, what document should be followed?

Shed unexploited roof of a two-story administrative building. The slope angle is more than 12%. The level of the lower roof overhang is below 7 meters, the level of the upper overhang is 10 meters.

Do we need to make roof fencing in areas exceeding 7 meters, on the entire roof, or not at all?

Is the presence of walkways and attachment points for safety cables an alternative to organizing a fence, or are these additional measures?

Answer to question #1

Clause 1 of Article 88 of the Technical Regulations on Requirements fire safety reads:

"1. Parts of buildings, structures, fire compartments, as well as premises of various classes of functional fire hazard must be separated from each other by enclosing structures with standardized fire resistance limits and constructive fire hazard classes or fire barriers. Requirements for such enclosing structures and types of fire barriers are established taking into account the functional fire hazard classes of the premises, the magnitude of the fire load, the degree of fire resistance and the structural fire hazard class of the building, structure, fire compartment.

On the presented plan, such a fire barrier is a type 1 fire wall located along axis 17.

Paragraph 7 of Article 88 of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements states:

“7. Design places where fire walls meet other walls of buildings and structures should exclude the possibility of fire spreading around these barriers.

In development this provision clause 5.4.11 of SP 2.13130.2012 “Fire protection systems. Ensuring the fire resistance of protected objects” reads:

"5.4.11 Fire walls of the 1st type in buildings of constructive fire hazard classes C1 - C3 must separate the outer walls and protrude beyond the outer plane of the wall not less than 30 cm».

As can be seen from the presented plan, the requirement of paragraph 5.4.11 of SP 2.13130.2012 is observed, while the adjunction of one part of the building to another with the formation of an internal corner is not observed, therefore, the provisions of paragraph 5.4.14 of SP 2.13130.2012 (including in terms of requirements to eaves) do not apply to the considered part of the building plan (see figure below).

At the same time, I ask you to take into account the requirements for the installation of roof eaves of buildings, set out in clause 5.4.5 of SP 2.13130.2012:

“... In buildings of classes C0, C1, the structures of cornices, filing of cornice overhangs of attic coverings should be made of materials NG, G1, or these elements should be sheathed with sheet materials of a combustibility group of at least G1. For these structures, the use of combustible heaters is not allowed (with the exception of a vapor barrier up to 2 mm thick) and they should not contribute to the latent spread of combustion.

Answer to question #2

When deciding on the installation of a fence on the roof of the building in question, the following should be considered:

1. Clause 6.43 of SP 118.13330.2012 * "SP 118.13330.2012" SNiP 31-06-2009 "Public buildings and structures", regulating the installation of fencing "on the roof of buildings above 10 m", is included in the List of national standards and codes of practice (parts of such standards and codes of practice), as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, compliance with the requirements is ensured federal law"Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures".

2. The above limitation "on the roof of buildings above 10 m" specified in clause 7.16 of SP 4.13130.2013 “SP 4.13130.2013 “Fire protection systems. Limiting the spread of fire at protected facilities. Requirements for space-planning and design solutions" (the document is included in the "List of documents in the field of standardization, as a result of which, on a voluntary basis, compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" is ensured), which reads:

"7.16 In buildings and structures with a roof slope of not more than 12 percent inclusive, the height to the cornice or top of the outer wall (parapet) is more than 10 meters, as well as in buildings and structures with a roof slope of more than 12 percent, with a height of more than 7 meters to the eaves, roof fencing should be provided in accordance with the requirements of this set of rules. Regardless of the height of the building, these fences should be provided for operated flat roofs, balconies, loggias, outdoor galleries, open outdoor stairs, flights of stairs and landings.

3. The requirements for fencing on the roofs of buildings are primarily due to the need to ensure the preservation of the life and health of firefighters when extinguishing a fire.

From the totality of the requirements of the above regulatory documents, it follows that for the object in question, the roof fencing device:

a) Mandatory in roof areas where the height of the building to the cornice or top of the outer wall (parapet) is more than 10 meters.

b) Appropriate - on roof sections with a slope of more than 12 percent and a height of more than 7 meters to the eaves, since non-compliance with the requirements of paragraph 7.16 of SP 4.13130.2013 must be justified by a fire risk calculation, in accordance with subparagraph 1 of paragraph 1 of Article 6 of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements, which reads:

“The fire safety of the object of protection is considered to be ensured if one of the following conditions is met: ...

the fire safety requirements established by the technical regulations adopted in accordance with Federal Law No. 184-FZ On Technical Regulation are fully met, and the fire risk does not exceed allowed values established by this Federal Law".

The fire risk calculation can be performed by a specialized organization, taking into account the specifics of a particular facility and the planned fire prevention measures, in accordance with the Order of the Russian Emergencies Ministry No. 382 "Methods for determining the calculated values of fire risk in buildings, structures and fire compartments of various classes of functional fire hazard".

Answer to question number 3

Clause 4.8 of SP 17.13330.2011 "Roofs", included in the List of National Standards and Codes of Rules (parts of such standards and codes of rules), as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" is stated :

"4.8 The height of the roof railings is provided in accordance with the requirements

GOST 25772, SP 54.13330, SP 56.13330 and SNiP 31-06. When designing roofs, it is also necessary to provide for other special safety elements, which include hooks for hanging stairs, elements for attaching safety ropes, steps, footboards, stationary stairs and running ladders, evacuation platforms, etc., as well as elements of lightning protection of buildings.

Accordingly, special safety elements are not an alternative to roof fencing, and the need for their use should be determined in the design assignment for the facility, depending on design features roof and planned activities for its operation (more about special safety elements).

Most buildings (10 meters or more high) have or should have roof railings. In some cases, they are mounted and operated with deviations from the requirements of GOST. Let us consider in detail in which cases the installation of fences is required, which technical requirements are presented to them and how they should be operated.

The normative document that establishes the requirements for roof railings is GOST R 53254-2009 "Fire fighting equipment. Fire ladders external stationary. Roof railings. General technical requirements. Test methods".

Building roof railings

There are two types of roof railings - for a roof with a parapet (KP) and for a roof without a parapet (KO).

The need for roof fencing:

According to the requirements of regulatory documents, fencing must be provided for:

buildings with a roof slope of up to 12% (6.8°) inclusive, with a height of more than 10 m to the eaves or top of the outer wall (parapet);
buildings with a roof slope of more than 12% (6.8 °) and a height of more than 7 m to the eaves;
operated flat roofs, balconies, loggias, outdoor galleries, open outdoor stairs, flights of stairs and landings

Technical requirements:

Roof railing structures must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 53254-2009, GOST 23118, GOST 23120, GOST 25772 and according to working drawings approved in in due course. They must be primed and painted in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9.032, the coating class is not lower than the fifth.

Fencing elements must be securely attached to each other, and the structure as a whole is securely attached to the roof of the building. The presence of cracks and breaks in the metal is not allowed.

Roof railings should not cross the exit to the roof from fire escape platforms.

Dimensions of roof railing elements

1. Without parapet.

2. With a parapet.

1- vertical enclosing element; 2- horizontal enclosing element

*not regulated

Operation of roof railings

Guardrails must be kept in good repair and at least once a year it is necessary to conduct a survey of their integrity with the preparation of an act based on the results of the verification.

In case of detection of structural integrity violations, they are restored (repaired) with subsequent strength tests.

Tests and annual inspection should be carried out by organizations having trained personnel, certified test equipment and measuring tools with the results of its verification.

Preparing for fire inspections

Fire safety audit

Profiled film where it is not used. This roofing material for roofs and wall coverings and accessories for various fences.

And all because of the low weight of this building material, it is the original appearance and is able to withstand heavy loads.

Right off the bat, we must determine that corrugated panel is a versatile building material that is not a thick galvanized sheet with an extruded recess (longitudinally).

These grooves can be rectangular, trapezoidal, wavy. Production prof. Floors are made of high quality steel cylinder or galvanized cold rolled steel. The thickness of the steel sheet can be 0.5-0.9 mm and should not be specially coated.

All about roof railing

The most common way to use polymeric substances. Read more...

Pipe Profile

Pipe profiles are often used in various industries due to their reliability, durability and economy.

Therefore, the use steel pipes in world practice is growing every year, and their operation is increasingly focused on buildings and structures of large arrays.

What are the pipe profiles? Pipes with a cross section that is very different from round pipe. Steel pipes of this type are made up of various shapes cross section what is known: oval pipes and square, ribbed, flat oval or rectangular pipes, as well as segmented, faceted (3, 6, 8 surfaces), tear and others.

The material from which they are made profile pipes, - low-carbon and carbon steel. Read more...

profiled

Profiler is the name of a building material. Its volume cannot be measured at all - this building material is used both in construction and in industrial construction.

Why do many consumers prefer to buy profiled sheet metal, and not other materials that deal with roofing and walls? The answer is simple - a profiled sheet can combine all the advantages and properties of excellent building materials. In addition, its price is much more affordable for the average consumer, and its volume is not limited to zero. Because corrugated sheet has a very cold climate, it is hot, easy to install, and can take a long time.

But at this point, there will be more focus on a topic, such as setting up a fence from a profile. Read more...

fittings

Reinforcement is a complex of parts and devices that are connected together and used in concrete in the production of various reinforced concrete structures. All elements of this assembly are not the main parts of structures or structures, but support their continuous operation.

Basically, these are steel bars that are connected together in reinforced concrete structures. There are several types of element combinations.

The first is a gas pipeline. It is used for gas, water, industrial products.

In electrical networks, ammunition, shields and sockets act as reinforcements. The third is the oven. It is a series of various metal furnace parts and is used in metallurgical furnaces. In addition, the fittings are arranged in accordance with the purpose, conditions of use, and the construction of the building. Read more...

The roof of a large building consists not only of the roof, but also has many additional elements. The more complex the roof structure, the more counter connections it has with additional designs- nodes. When installing the roof, they must be most carefully equipped and sealed. This will prevent leaks during use.

The fence on the roof will ensure her safety during work and movement.

Roof guard structures

Roof fencing is an important part of the roof structure, which ensures the safe operation of the roof and the possibility of its high-quality maintenance.

The obligatory presence of enclosing devices on the roofs of buildings with a height of more than 10 m is stipulated in the regulatory documents in force in the construction industry.

Roofing installation instructions.

For each type of roof (pitched and flat) there are standards for installing fences.

They are described in SNiPs and taken into account at the design stage. For a metal building envelope, the following approximate dimensions of the fence are recommended:

support height - 70 cm;
the distance of the supports from the cornice is at least 35 cm;
the interval between the supports is 90-120 cm.

Enclosing devices of a standard type have the form of a prefabricated structure.

They consist of vertical supports and horizontal beams rigidly fastened to the roof and to each other. The supports are made from a corner bent in the shape of a triangle. Horizontal crossbars can be made of steel pipes 3 m long. They are installed in supports through special holes and fastened with bolts (upper - M10x35, lower - M8x55).

The holes at the ends of the pipes are closed with polyethylene plugs.

Designs, types and features of roofing fences

Galvanized and stainless steel is used as a material for the manufacture of roof fencing.

On inverted roofs operated in the summer period, deaf reinforced concrete fences - parapets are equipped. On these types of roofs, they are mounted regardless of the number of storeys. The normalized height of the lattice fence in this case is reduced by the height of the parapet.

Roof barriers such as snow retainers are divided into tubular and bent from metal sheets.

Their fastening is carried out according to the same technology as that of the enclosing ones.

Types of roof attachment points with fencing

Roof railing diagram.

The connection of the supports of the enclosing structures with the roof surface requires special attention during installation; the safety of roof operation depends on its strength.

The device of junction points is planned in advance at the stage of roof installation. Special embedded elements are installed under the waterproofing layer or special structures are constructed with then an additional waterproofing layer applied.

vertical metal rack the triangular support bears the functional load, the horizontal one creates the attachment point of the structure to the roof.

The diagonal bar provides the rigidity of the fence. The support is leveled in accordance with the slope of the roof, fixed with bolts. The assembly is fastened to the roof beam using three galvanized M8x60 self-tapping screws and rubber gaskets.

The attachment points of the safety fence to the roof structures must be as reliable as possible and exclude the possibility of self-relaxation of the fasteners.

The crate under them is solid.

When using universal brackets, the position of the attachment point is adjusted according to the slope of the roof. The interval between the brackets is equal to the pitch of the rafters. Fasteners are covered with silicone sealants. Special plugs are applied to the sections of the roof adjacent to the fasteners.

Some companies produce roof railings with fixing kits for various kinds roofs: seam, with natural and metal tiles, from corrugated board, bituminous, etc.

e. Fences are also made to order, in harmony with appearance roofs and buildings in general. Protective elements and sealing washers are completed. When screwing in a screw, the spacer washers deform and tightly fill the drilled holes in the material.

On a roof made of metal tiles or seam fasteners are mounted at the bottom of the wave in the support bar.

Guardrails can also be mounted on sandwich panels and profiled sheets H114, H75, H60. Upon completion of installation, all joints must be sealed.

All joints of the roof and fasteners are carefully coated with bituminous cold mastics or compounds with the addition of fibrous fillers.

For mounting the safety structure on the seam roof, a mounting clamp is also used.

At the same time, the integrity and tightness of the folded paintings is not violated.

On asbestos-cement roofs, for reliable fixation of supports on the crests of the waves of the cornice row of sheets, bent steel plates 5 mm thick are installed.

Secure them with screws and nuts through a wooden gasket. Under the run, corners of half a meter in length are welded to the plates and fence posts are already attached to them. Racks are prepared from reinforcing steel Ø16 mm.

Upon completion of the installation of fence structures, special strength tests of the fence attachment points are carried out.

In European countries, without the construction of safety structures on the roofs of buildings and their testing, housing construction cannot be insured.

When often needed Maintenance at home to go up to the roof. To remain more or less safe on it, it is necessary that the height of the roof fence and the fence down in terms of security comply with legal regulations. Dimensions and basic requirements set out in the relevant parts of the current GOST 25772-83, which, in turn, is connected to SNIP 31/06/2009 related to public buildings and SNP 01.31.2003, in relation to high-rise buildings.

Purpose of the fence

The roof fence is metal structure installed continuously around the entire perimeter of the roof or just along the roof.

It consists of:

supports - hollow pipes or profiles;
horizontal long elements - rods;
universal supports that ensure the spatial verticality of the body;
Fasteners are designed to fasten the poles to the roof or rooftop.

If the height of the house exceeds 10 meters, in any case it is necessary to install a roof fence, SNiP and at the same time mention the tiles.

For them, the height of the ground height is determined not on the upper, longitudinal ridge, but on the breakdown of the shear structure. In some cases, the standards require the installation of a fence for fences with elements of snow 150 mm high.

Roof rails ensure the safe presence of people on the roof, lift it to make repairs and coatings, fire, snow removal, chimney cleaning, install an antenna, etc. Prevents falling from a height and helps people move to the roof and ran the fence.

Due to the ease of walking on sloping roofs, walkways are located along the entire length of the roof railing.

For fenced roofs, fencing is both a protection and a decorative element.

The developed design allows tourists to enjoy a panoramic view of the metropolis or the surrounding natural landscapes, without fear of tragic consequences with an accidental loss of balance.

The solutions in this case are more elegant, but no less reliable than conventional unused roof cases. But in any case, the design of the fence must match the entire architecture of the house.

Regulatory requirements

How high is the roof, GOST provides:

for unused roofs - at least 600 mm;
for the operation of roofs - depending on the height of the building.
If it does not exceed 30 meters, the upper level of the fence rises above the roof level by 1000 mm or more, and if the structure is higher - at least 1100 mm.

In the first case, it is assumed that the stem of the column is in the range of 1200 mm, and the distance between the horizontal passes is 300 mm. In the second case, the standards require the addition of vertical elements to the fence, which is equipped with a maximum diameter of 110 mm.

Similar requirements apply to balconies.

In the case of roof parapets, the height of the roof protection is reduced by the height of the difference between the roof levels and the top of the concrete or brick barrier.

If the parapet has standard height, the need for its design disappears by itself.

building pavement requirements

But such examples are rare in modern construction, since additional "growth" on the walls, with the exception of increasing the constant load on the foundation, does nothing.

The standard designates guides on the roof:

KO - without parapets;
KP - with the presence of a section of parapets along the perimeter of the roof.

When marking products, the length and height of the fence in decimeters, the GOST number and the possibility of filling the frame are also indicated:

P, only with vertical and horizontal elements;
E - screen, with sheet materials covering the main frame;
K - total, with partially covered areas.

An example of the designation of a roof grid without a railing 3 meters long and 0.6 meters high is the following:

However, regardless of the size of the metal barrier, it is superimposed general requirement detection of horizontal forces.

According to SNiP 2.01.07-85 *, under the influence of loads less than 300 N per meter of structure, the fence must remain motionless.

According to statistics, welded metal frames provide the greatest security, but there are fences on the market that consist of connecting crabs and fasteners. To attach the railing to the roof elements, we need special fasteners and to install screen inserts that are not included with the roof railing, conventional equipment.

The durability of metal elements is ensured by high-quality paint or anti-corrosion coating is used in the production environment - galvanization, composite, etc.

Without appropriate initial and subsequent routine surface treatment aggressive effects environment can quickly lead to rust.

To avoid problems, the rooftop should be checked every five years. It is necessary to check the structural integrity, position stability and reliability of fasteners, various defects in the protective layer, etc.

It is wise to test problematic fences for energy experts who have the appropriate test equipment.

Rules for obtaining finished products

Rooftop metal rails with a height of 600mm or more are tested by the technical control department of the manufacturing company according to the production process.

A batch may contain products of only one mark in an amount not exceeding 200 pieces. For quality control, 5-10 units of products are selected. The review is carried out on several parameters, and if at least one of them is not satisfactory, it determines additional checks and measurements for work in parts.

They are controlled by:

appearance;
high-quality protective coating;
linear dimensions;
welds;
deviations from perpendicularity and straightness;
correct labeling.

Roof rails are designed for safety during transport and storage.

Packaging should protect products from accidental mechanical damage to the protective coating. The weight of one package should not exceed three tons. It contains elements with the same height.

May 31, 2016 at 04:05 pm

Roof- the upper insulating and enclosing part of the building, which serves to protect the building from adverse environmental influences. It consists of a waterproofing layer and a base (battens, solid flooring) laid along the supporting structures of the roof.

The roof consists of bearing and enclosing structures.

The enclosing structures are the roof and gable/gable. The supporting structure is a truss system.

Attic- this is the space between the surface of the coating (roof), the outer walls and the ceiling of the upper floor.

stingray- the edge, the sloping surface of the roof.

slope- the roof slope indicator, is determined in three ways: in degrees of the angle between the roof slope and the ceiling of the upper floor; in percent - the ratio of the height of the roof (H) to the projection of the roof slope on the ceiling of the upper floor (L), multiplied by 100 = (H / L) ⋅ 100; in proportions (H:L).

pitched roof- a roof with a slope of more than 6 ° (10%).

With a lesser bias they call - flat roof.

Mezzanine- a superstructure of a small height above a part, usually the central one, of a low-rise residential building, which has its own roof, towering above the common one.

Dormer windows- openings for lighting and ventilation of attic spaces, as well as for access to the roof.

Roof types by geometry

Performance characteristics

According to operational characteristics:

the roof may have a non-residential attic and residential (mansard);
exploited roof and not exploited.

Attic(attic floor) - residential attic.

The attic may not be insulated (only the ceiling of the upper floor is insulated) and insulated (the roof slopes are insulated).

Roof operated- a flat roof used both for its intended purpose and for other operational purposes: a recreation area, playground, lawn etc.

Protective structures of the roof

Roof- the upper fencing (shell) of the roof, directly exposed to atmospheric influences.

Protects the building from the penetration of atmospheric precipitation.

Gable- the end part of the roof, part of the facade of the building, the enclosing structure between the roof slopes. It serves to create a closed room under the roof (attic) and to protect it from adverse environmental influences.

The pediment is separated from the lower part of the wall by cornices and, as a rule, is made of a different material than the wall, for example, a wall of timber or brick, a pediment of boards.

Tong (wimperg)- the top of the end wall of the building, which has an acute-angled shape and is located between two roof slopes, but, unlike the pediment, the gable is not separated from the wall by a cornice and forms a single plane with the facade and is made of the same material.

If we compare the gable with the pediment, then the difference will be, in the absence of a cornice that visually separates the wall and the pediment, and the material of the pediment may differ from the material of the wall.

Visor- a mini roof, which is located above the end walls under the gables and serves to protect the walls from atmospheric moisture.

Eaves- the outer strip of the roof slope, protruding beyond the line of the wall.

It serves to prevent precipitation from falling on the walls and is at least 75-80 cm.

Roof railing height - regulatory requirements, acceptance rules

The overhang of the roof is divided into gable and eaves.

roof eaves- this is a structure consisting of a roof overhang and its closing part from below and from the side. The cornice differs from the overhang in that it completely covers all the elements of the truss structure that extend beyond the line of the walls. The cornice protects not only from atmospheric precipitation, but also prevents the penetration of dampness and various living creatures into the attic and into the under-roof space.

Cornices can be not only completely part of the roof, but also part of the wall. The cornice encircling the entire perimeter of the wall is called - crowning cornice. For example, when the roof cornice passes into a visor that separates the gable from the wall. Soffit- hemming cornice board.

Roof elements

Skate- the uppermost element of the roof in the form of a corner, which serves to close the junction of the roof slopes.

Hip- triangular slope 4 pitched roof, located at the end of the house, covered from above rests with a sharp end.

Half-valma- a hip, the length of which is shortened along the slope from the side of the roof ridge or from the side of the end of the building.

Endova (groove)- the inner corner of the roof in the form of a gutter, formed by the connection of two slopes.

Ridge (rib)- the line of intersection of two slopes forming an external corner.

Products- ventilation holes in the pitched roof.

Aerators- vents of flat roofs, mechanical devices for ventilation in the layers of a full pie of flat roofs.

Be sure to use when making a new carpet according to the old one.

fillet- a transitional ledge from the base of a flat roof to an abutment, usually arranged at an angle of 45 ° to smooth the corners of the mates.

razuklonka- screed device on a flat roof with small slopes and the formation of ridges and valleys.

Roofing films- are used to protect the thermal insulation and load-bearing structures of the roof from moisture.

Basic waterproofing (or roofing) carpet- layers of rolled materials or layers of mastics reinforced with glass or synthetic materials, sequentially performed on the base under the roof.

Ballast system- fastening system soft roof on flat roofs with high bearing capacity, as well as in exploited roofs.

It is affordable, easy to install and does not damage the main waterproofing carpet, and in addition, provides its additional protection against mechanical damage and ultraviolet rays.

Collar- protective edging roofing iron protruding roof elements.

dropper- an element of the steel coating of parapets, firewall walls in the form of an edge bent down.

gutter- an element of a pitched roof with an external drain, designed to collect water and forced discharge into drainpipe atmospheric water.

downpipe- a pipe used to drain water.

Roof load-bearing structures

truss system- a structure consisting of rafters and other elements that perceives and resists all types of loads and transfers them to the walls of the building.

Consists of roof trusses.

Farm- a structure of bars or rods fastened together.

Rafter(rafter leg) - an element of a truss truss that perceives all types of loads and transfers them to the walls, and the upper floor of the structure, serve as a support for the roof.

The lower end rests against the wall, and the upper end is connected at an angle to the opposite rafter leg.

Inclined rafters- have an emphasis on the ends and the middle part (at one or more points).

Hanging rafters- resting in the lower part on a puff or Mauerlat and in the upper ridge part rely on each other or on the ridge run (without intermediate supports).

Skate- the upper horizontal edge of the roof connecting the roof trusses.

Skate fight- a piece of board / plywood or metal lining connecting the rafters in the ridge.

Mauerlat- a beam located along the perimeter of the wall, on which the lower ends of the inclined rafters rest.

Mauelat allows you to distribute the concentrated load from the rafters to the entire section of the wall.

Rack- a piece of board / timber based on a puff and supporting the rafter leg, serves to unload the rafters and to organize the walls of the attic.

grandma- the central pillar, which rests on the ridge.

Strut- Angle stand.

Rigel- a piece of board connecting the rafter legs to each other.

Serves to increase the rigidity of the truss truss and prevents the rafter legs from moving around.

puff- a log / beam / board connects the rafter legs to each other. It differs from the crossbar in that the puff is based on the Mauerlat and the bed.

filly- a piece of board that lengthens the rafter leg to organize the roof overhang.

Sleg- guide for natural tiles.

roof base- the surface on which the roofing is laid.

Usually performed in the form of a crate or solid flooring.

crate- roofing flooring made of boards or bars, attached to the rafters and serving as the basis for roofing.

The lathing takes the entire weight load from the roof and transfers it through the counter-lattice and the rough flooring to truss system.

counter grating- bars with a minimum section of 30 × 50 mm, located under the crate, perpendicular to it and providing ventilation of the under-roof space and serving to fix the waterproofing film.

Draft flooring- flooring from boards, chipboard, fiberboard or other types of plates, which are nailed directly to the truss system and serve as the basis for waterproofing material and the basis for fastening the counter-lattice.

obreshetina- an element of the crate, which is made of wooden bars, slats or planks of conifers(without wane and passing knots) not lower than the second grade, on which the tile is laid.

The minimum section of the bar is 30 × 50 mm.

Using the ladder, each of us at the subconscious level, we are trying to find a handle that you can rely on and feel more confident. For this reason, it is important that the height of the ladder is optimal and that the grip itself must be properly shaped. Many masters who build stairs leave this shade out of attention and at the same time make a big mistake.

In this article, we will look at all the details of the design of the fence stairs and how to make fences. different types.

When designing a staircase project, it is necessary to take into account not only the problem of design and comfort, but also the existing regulatory documents.
When it comes to stair railings, you should refer to the following groups of rules:

Often in their professional activities, builders are guided by others. regulations, but it suffices for us to confine ourselves to these two basic documents.

SP 17.13330.2011 Roofing. Updated version of SNiP II-26-76

Of course, this only applies when we are dealing with hosting objects for personal use. In cases where work is carried out to order, there is no need to coordinate all structural elements not only with the customer organization, but also with supervisory authorities.

So let's think about the information from the labeling rules.

The height of the fence plays a very important role.

This parameter must comply with GOST, and not only because this violation can be punishable by fines, but also because it is simply impractical to use a ladder with too high or low probability of lowering and keep growing significantly.

There are also rules for the manufacture of wall levers, which are designed to facilitate the descent and ascent of stairs:

The distance between the gripper and the wall must be at least 4 centimeters.

Usually the standard distance from the center of the stick is 7.5 cm.

Other elements of staircases

In addition to the requirements for fences and fences, there are many standards for the characteristics of other elements in the development stages:

The most appropriate gradient is 1:1.25.

Various options interior stairs allow them to be installed different angles from 20 to 45 degrees.

The size of the steps at the same distance should be the same size.

The maximum deviation from the set value cannot exceed 5 mm in the vertical and horizontal planes.

We must know that this rule does not apply to the first phase, which may be slightly closed in the floors.

The maximum number of steps in one staircase should not exceed 18 pieces.
Standards regarding stage sizes:
Step height can vary from 12.5 to 21 cm.
The step width should be between 21 and 35.5 cm.
If it is assumed that the stairs will be curved, then the sharpest part of the degrees can be at least 15 cm wide, and in the central part - at least 20 centimeters.

Stairs must be designed in such a way that the doors located on them can be opened and closed.

Methods for making different types of handles.

Stair fences made of wood

It is not easy to know the dimensions of each structural element for the installation of stair railings. To make a staircase with your own hands, you should first consider how to make different materials.

Let's start with the simplest material to work with - wood:

Wooden handles consist of three parts.

This type of structure includes support columns, balusters and handrails.

As a material for their production, both coniferous and deciduous trees. Of course the most suitable materials for this are cedar, larch or oak, but the price, pine, alder or birch are more attractive.

Without a special woodworking machine, it will not be possible to produce boxes for wooden rails on our own.

And the process itself can take a very long and hard work.

For this reason, it is not difficult to think about the possibility of buying ready-made components.
By the way, the well-known phraseology "sharpening hair" means only the process of grinding the baluster, which means wasting time.

– Before assembly, the finished workpieces must be treated with a special composition that prevents the growth of microorganisms and varnishes.

Possible examples where varnish treatment is carried out after the structure has been installed.

Direct installation of the frame is carried out after the installation of all other parts of the stairs:

- In the lower and upper parts of the stairs, carriers are placed in the form of supports.

It is best to use anchor bolts as anchors.
- Pull the cord between the brackets to the desired height, which should not be less than 90 centimeters.
“Then there are balusters. They are installed on the stairs so that the distance between them does not exceed 20 centimeters. Exceeding this value can be promised with subsequent problems with the recovery of the lost head of the child.
- Self-tapping screws are suitable for fastening the balusters, which are screwed to the base from the wrong side of the step.

The type of fastening called "at the tip" will be more labor intensive, but also more durable and reliable.
- The focus on the tight lace on the balusters placed the markings at the cutting level.

Additional parts of the columns are cut off and then the attachment is attached to them.

The end of the fence must be attached to support posts or left free. With the second mounting version, the projected part of the handrail should not exceed 30 centimeters.

metal fences

Metal railings are highly durable and reliable.

At the same time, their production costs, as well as the complexity of their operation, often preclude their installation. However, it is possible to install a metal fence yourself.

Pipe profiles can be used as a building material:

This method of fastening metal rails is most often used when installing outdoor stairs.
The staircase itself can be made of metal, concrete, brick or stone.
In the case of brick or stone structures, it is important to ensure that pre-assembled plates are installed in the places where the handles are installed.
Installation begins with the installation of racks. Cut the profiled pipes into 5x5 centimeters and cut them into mortgages.
In case the embeds are at the top of the stage, a special carrier should be used for assembly.
Using a support rod (pipes or bands of ferrous metal with the required thickness), it is necessary to connect the upper parts of the supports.
In addition to filling between the bearings, welded pipes 2x2 cm.
You can place them in any position, depending on your desire.
Profile pipes can be replaced with fake round or square rods, but this significantly increases the cost of stair railing.

Upon completion of welding, the structure must be properly cleaned and coated with paint. A wooden or plastic fence must be installed on top of the cart.

Prefabricated stair railings with glass filling

Currently, glass is used in interior design.

For this reason, a glass fence does not surprise anyone.

To install such a stair fence, special triplets or heat-resistant glass panels should be ordered. If you use ordinary thick glass for these purposes, the design is too fragile, even if you use protective elements.

How to assemble a glass fence?

- Firstly, it is necessary to install support rods on stairs and ladders, the height and step of which between them must comply with accepted standards.
- It supports anchoring with anchor bolts, it is advisable to use at least three pieces.
— Fasteners are attached to the brackets in the form of a spoining with inserts made of polymers.
- Insert damaged glass into fasteners.
— Adhesion with special leads expands through glass.

In such cases, the handrail function is most often performed using a nickel-plated steel tube. The end of the frame is closed with plugs.

Despite the external fragility, a special glass partition is more durable than a wooden fence.

We suspect

When building and installing internal stages, it is necessary to pay Special attention nuances and build all work on the basis of regulatory documents.

This applies to parameters such as the height of the railing stairs, the size of the stairs and the structural characteristics of the handrails - in addition to the requirements of GOST and SNiP, the safety of the entire structure also depends.

The article was prepared in cooperation with the company "Style of the Century" - the production of stairs.

Website http://www.stil-veka.ru.

At the end of the construction of the roof of any structure, you should definitely take care of its subsequent operation. But the roof is an inclined plane from which it is very easy to fall, which can lead to undesirable health consequences. To avoid this, you need to install a fence on the roof of the building.

They sort of perform the function of a kind of railing. You can safely hold on to them and even fasten them with special safety elements. This allows you to perform any work at a high height of a multi-storey building without fear of falling down. Thanks to them, it becomes possible to carry out work at any time of the year.

In this article

Requirements in accordance with established rules according to GOST

No matter what you have to do with complex technical calculations, it is worth noting that for quite a long time there have been norms developed by the relevant specialists.

To get all this necessary information, you must definitely refer to official documents. All of them are written the necessary conditions and requirements. Indeed, depending on the height of the building and its type of roof, there are certain differences. All of them are obligatory coordinated both with the specialists of the fire service and with the employees for safety and labor protection. In any case, all requirements are based on strict mathematical and physical calculations, which even take into account the requirements for rigidity and strength of the materials used.

If the roof of a building not exceeding a height of 7 meters is represented by a flat type, then the fence must be at least 90 centimeters in height. But this option is only suitable for the case when the unexploited type of roof. For public buildings, this becomes the most acceptable option. Since it does not require large financial investments. So in this case it will be possible to save money without compromising safety.
If the height of the building is the same 7 meters, but the roof is equipped with special exits for people directly to the roofing, then the minimum height of the fence on the roof should be more than 1.1 meters. But then it will be necessary to make sure that the distance between the vertical support posts is no more than 1 meter. This is due to the fact that the entire structure is of adequate rigidity to ensure safety under the influence of the mass of any adult.
When the height of the building is more than 7 meters, then there are already other requirements. Typically, such a structure is a high apartment building, where there is always a parapet along the entire contour of a flat roof with a height of more than 0.6 meters. Then it is necessary to supplement the height by another 0.6 meters with a special lattice fence. As a result, the total height should be at least 1.2 meters. Only with these parameters it will be possible to feel safe at the height of any high-rise building.
In the case when the exit to the roof of the building with flat roof equipped for absolutely everyone. This may be, for example, an office building that has a public exit directly to the roof. Then the height of the fence should be at least 1.2 meters. It is desirable that it be even more. At the same time, the roofing can still be equipped with additional building elements, including all kinds of transitions and evacuation platforms.

In accordance with existing building codes, the developer is allowed to increase the height of the fence. The main thing is to observe the minimum required value.

After all, any roofing fence should be mounted only in the form of the letter "L". The distance between the support posts is not more than 1 meter. And the distances between horizontal gaps should be a maximum of 0.4 meters. This will prevent a person from crawling between or falling out of any objects through the fence itself. All fencing elements must withstand a minimum force of 300 N/m.

Features of the choice of materials for roof fencing

When installing such roofing elements, only high-quality materials should be used. They must be made of materials of a special shape and additional stiffeners so that it is possible to withstand force in any situation.

Be sure each element must be treated with anti-corrosion material. Or they must be made of stainless steel. In order to subsequently exclude the occurrence of decay and deterioration of strength indicators, which, of course, can affect safety. For residential buildings where mandatory roof maintenance is required, special attention will need to be paid to this.

Mounting Features

In order to install a roof fence, in addition to the height standards, it is also necessary to observe a number of features for the assembly and installation of all elements.

First of all, the support vertical racks are fastened, which in the future will hold all the elements. But at the same time, care must be taken to ensure that the foundation is strengthened. Otherwise, with a poor base of the supports, destruction under the influence of force may occur.
Installation of horizontal ties between horizontal supports. As fastening, special hardware materials are used or welding work is carried out. Poor-quality welding without observing the technology is not allowed.
Finally, the fence is painted with a special painting material with anti-corrosion properties. To prevent the occurrence of ordinary rust.

Outcome

Summing up, it should be noted that any house must have a fence on the roof. At the same time, the height of the roof fencing is strictly regulated by federal laws.

The installation of roof barriers on the roofs of buildings is one of the most important stages in finishing the structure. Roof railings are designed to insure people during their stay on the roof: installers who regularly repair the roof, install new equipment or replace old equipment, building residents who can relax or work household issues on operated roofs, firefighters who came to the call or performing a scheduled inspection of the roof.

It follows from this that the main function of roof fences is to prevent a person from falling off the roof of a building when performing repair, fire-fighting or maintenance work. When combining roof fences with snow holders, another important element of ensuring safety is achieved - preventing the massive descent of snow masses down, where there may be people, plantings, power lines or cars.

Pitched roof and materials that are used in its equipment

This type of roofing of buildings received the name "pitched" because of the peculiar design - the pitched roof consists of slopes - planes located at a certain angle of inclination (from 10 degrees or more). There are two main types constructive solutions when equipping a pitched roof:

split roof with attic;
combined roof without attic.

The service life of a pitched roof directly depends not only on the quality of the materials used, but also on their performance properties.

Wooden pitched roof

Most often, wooden pitched roofs are equipped by developers of low-rise residential buildings, using a structure consisting of trusses with various types of rafters. Often such a roof can be observed on houses that were built using Canadian technology. The rafter system of wooden roofs includes:

Mauerlat;
racks;
rafter legs;
coupler;
crate.

Such structures are used in buildings with two bearing walls, where there is no middle carrier.

A wooden roof has many advantages: wood is a relatively inexpensive material, environmentally friendly and has a long service life (with proper care).

However, it is not without drawbacks: wooden roofs are sensitive to fires and have low fire resistance, are practically unstable to damage by microorganisms and insects, decay and dampness, and are very sensitive to the corrosive influence of the external environment.

Coating "wood-metal"

Pitched roofs of this type are constructed from metal and wooden structures when their upper part is wooden, and the lower part consists of reinforcement. Arches, trusses and frames are usually made of wood. This type of solution makes it possible to work both in compression and in tension.

However, in practice, in private construction, such roofs are equipped much less frequently than wooden ones: they cost much more. But most often, wood-metal roofing is used in the construction of industrial buildings.

Wooden-metal roofing allows you to cover spans up to 20 meters long, it looks good and lasts a long time, but it is quite expensive.

Reinforced concrete roof structure

In this case roof structure It is constructed from reinforced concrete: the rafters are made in production and delivered to the installation site. The rafters have rectangular sections, and connect them to each other with embedded parts. Often reinforced concrete structures used in the construction of industrial and economic structures of large sizes: barns or warehouses.

This type of roof is characterized by excellent performance, it has a long service life and does not require complex technological maintenance during use, it has increased strength indicators.

But reinforced concrete gives a significant load to the foundation of buildings (due to the large weight of the structures), and it is impossible to install the roof on your own (without the use of special construction equipment).

Features of fences of different types of pitched roofs

For rolled roofs, it is desirable to use only industrially reinforced roof railings.

For gable roofs the same standards and rules apply as for all other types of non-exploited roofing. The code of building requirements states that when arranging roof fences for such roofs, it is possible to do without installing a rigid base under the roof fence, based on the fact that there will be no constant crowds of people on the roof.

But for those situations when repairs, installation of equipment or firefighting work are being carried out, and a person will have to spend some time on the roof, it is necessary to mount special fences in the format of a ladder or bridge. Such barriers on the roof will be able to evenly distribute the weight of a person over the entire roof area and reduce the risk of a person falling to the ground.

The state standard informs that on non-operated roofs of administrative, industrial and other non-residential buildings, a system of roof fences with a height of at least 60 cm must be equipped, regardless of the height of the structure, the number of floors in it or the angle of the roof.

For residential buildings, the height of the fence should be doubled - up to 120 cm. Indicates GOST and the distance between any two elements of the barrier structure - up to 30 cm.

The Code of Construction Rules and Regulations, issued 01/21/1997, requires non-operated roofs to be equipped with a safe exit and roof railings along the entire roof perimeter line. If the gable roof is partially exploited (sections of the pitched roof alternate with flat exploited ones), when arranging the roof, be sure to consider the following requirements:

without fail, roof fencing is installed on roofs whose height exceeds 10 meters, and the roof is tilted by no more than 12 degrees; on roofs whose height is more than 7 meters from the ground level, and the roof is inclined by more than 12 degrees;
if the height of the structure is less than 30 meters from the ground, a roofing barrier with a height of at least 110 cm is mounted along the entire perimeter of its roof; at a height of a structure of more than 30 meters from the ground, a roof barrier with a height of at least 120 cm is mounted along the entire perimeter of its roof;
if there is a parapet on the roof of the structure, the height of the roof fence can be reduced by the height of the parapet;
the distance between two transverse elements of the fence structure should always be no more than 30 cm, the distance between two vertically located - up to 1 meter.

Railing for a mansard roof with a large slope

Small roof slope mansard roof- a rarity: almost always they are inclined quite steeply. In such conditions, installing a roof fence is not only difficult, but often almost impossible. However, the Code of Building Regulations requires the installation of a roof barrier on a building if:

the roof of the building is tilted up to 12 degrees, and the height of the building exceeds 10 meters from ground level;
the roof of the structure is tilted by more than 12 degrees, and its height exceeds the mark of 7 meters.

This means that you will need to expand the cornices or make fences in such a way that they can be installed in a vertical position.

When installing a fence on a mansard roof, you need to remember that the distance from the cornice must be at least 35 cm. Remember that the required normative documents the height of the roof barrier around the entire perimeter depends solely on the height of the structure: if the height of the building is more than 30 meters, the roof barriers must be at least 120 cm in height.

If there is no 30 meters from the roof of the building to the ground, a roof barrier 110 cm high can be installed. Again, the height of the fences can be reduced if the roof is equipped with a parapet. The following requirement must be fulfilled: there must be a distance of up to 120 cm between two vertical elements of the fence structure.

On a pitched roof of any type, the roof fencing should not have “empty” sections, be located along the entire length of the perimeter and withstand static loads of 0.3 kN / meter. This requirement applies to all industrial and residential facilities.

By the way, similar requirements of GOST and SNIP are imposed on multi-gable roofs with a complex relative position of slopes.

Features of installation of roof railings of a pitched roof

Metal roof barriers prepared for installation must include the following elements:

supports (they are also racks) - pipes, most often having a circular cross section;
transverse elements - also pipes with a circular cross section;
brackets that fix the racks on the roof and fix the fence in the desired angle;
small parts: washers, screws, bolts.

Remember that fences must be installed on the roof of any slope strictly vertically, at an angle of 90 degrees to a flat ground surface. The combination node of each section and the transverse elements of the roof must be treated with a sealant. If the length of the fence pipe needs to be reduced, use a non-abrasive tool - a hacksaw.

The most reliable is the installation of fences on hinged mounts. Start work on installing the fence by determining the place where the support will be fixed - it should be no closer than 35 cm to the inner edge of the eaves.

At the selected point, a rubber lining is placed, and then the bracket is fastened with self-tapping screws to the batten board through the roof covering. To determine the step between two vertical elements, read the requirements of GOST and SNIPs.

Remember that the enclosing supports are fixed using only galvanized screws at the lowest point of the wave (if the roof material is not even), placing a rubber gasket.

In this way, you need to fix all the brackets around the perimeter of the roof in order to install the racks next and adjust the desired angle at which the support will be tilted. The hinge is fixed in the desired position with the help of washers-gaskets. Then the first crossbar is installed, passing the pipe through the technological holes and fixing it with a bolted connection.

Similarly, you need to install and fix the remaining horizontal crossbars. After the design is ready, it is necessary to install the plugs and seal the places of all joints with a sealant.

Properly installed roof railings ensure the safety of people on the roof and near the building. Do not forget that:

it is necessary to install roof railings, taking into account the requirements of GOST and SNIPs;
on pitched roofs it may not be possible to install a fence: expand the eaves or install a fence of a different design;
seal all joints with sealant;
order an inspection of the installed fences and save the certificate of its conduct.

Popular materials

Brest peace: wiki: Facts about Russia The signing of the Brest peace at what time happened
The consumer basket in Russia and the world - what is it, what products
What is the amount of the allowance for birth, child care, pregnancy and childbirth Increase in the monthly child allowance per year
Accounting code at the location Taxpayer legal entity at the location of the account code
Class approach to culture

Fencing on the roofs of multi-storey buildings. Roof railing height - what you need to know

Division of roofs into types

Operated roof

Unexploited roof

Roofing materials

Technical requirements

Checking the quality and integrity of fences

Existing types of fences

What is a metal fence made of?

Conclusion

Roof fencing SNiP 21 01 97 - safety

Division of roofs into types

Operated roof

Unexploited roof

Roofing materials

Technical requirements

Checking the quality and integrity of fences

The height of the fence on the roof snip

All about roof railing

Pipe Profile

profiled

fittings

Roof guard structures

Designs, types and features of roofing fences

Types of roof attachment points with fencing

Purpose of the fence

Regulatory requirements

building pavement requirements

Rules for obtaining finished products

Performance characteristics

Protective structures of the roof

Roof railing height - regulatory requirements, acceptance rules

Roof elements

Roof load-bearing structures

SP 17.13330.2011 Roofing. Updated version of SNiP II-26-76

Other elements of staircases

Standards regarding stage sizes:

metal fences

Prefabricated stair railings with glass filling

How to assemble a glass fence?

We suspect

Requirements in accordance with established rules according to GOST

Features of the choice of materials for roof fencing

Mounting Features

Outcome

Pitched roof and materials that are used in its equipment

Wooden pitched roof

Coating "wood-metal"

Reinforced concrete roof structure

Features of fences of different types of pitched roofs

Railing for a mansard roof with a large slope

Features of installation of roof railings of a pitched roof