Ventilation of the cesspool of a private house. How do-it-yourself ventilation is built in the toilet in the country house Home-made odorless toilet and ventilation

The fetid odors from the country "birdhouses" - closets annoy not only the owners of the buildings, but also pester the neighbors. This explains the desire of summer residents to build such a latrine so that it is always clean, dry and comfortable in it, and unpleasant odors do not pester.

Toilet Ventilation: Possible Solutions

Since it is impossible to tightly close the pit with the processes of fermentation of fecal waste, the optimal solution to the problem is to organize productive air exchange of the "birdhouse" itself, usually made of brick or wood, and the pit under it. It is there that sewage decomposes under the influence of anaerobic bacteria, and methane is released. Air exchange is achieved through proper arrangement toilet, as well as competent selection, installation of devices for organizing air circulation.

Attention! For correct installation ventilation, even at the stage of drawing up a toilet drawing, its type and placement of functional units are indicated. The frequency of air exchange should prevent a dangerous concentration of methane and its vapor poisoning.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the toilet in the country house can be done in two ways:

1. The natural way. Air currents move by gravity, induced by the wind, arising from different air volumes in terms of pressure. Injection units are not used, energy is not wasted.
2. By mechanical means. Fans, air heaters, etc. are used to move air.

Closet ventilation without the use of mechanical devices

In a compact toilet cubicle, the window plays the role of a source of light penetration during the day and serves as an opening for air to move through it. Despite the fact that the geometry of the window, the shape is chosen according to the individual preferences of the owner, there are several points that you need to pay attention to:

• The window should be "in work" all the time. To do this, you do not need to glass it. If the closet is operated in cold weather, air flows can be minimized by covering the opening with a sheet of plywood.
• An open hole will be protected from snow and rain getting into it if it is placed as close as possible to the roof, under the very visor.
• When arranging an additional hole for ventilation, it is best to cut it in the toilet door (lower part) or in one of the walls.
• Protection in the form of mesh, gauze, curtains will prevent insects from entering the toilet.
• Installing a toilet bowl involves supplying an extract to it through the floor or connecting a pipe to the toilet bowl.
• For better circulation, slotted holes disguised as gratings are arranged in the lower part of the walls of the building.

Natural pit hood

By providing an exhaust pit, it is possible to remove the gas accumulating in it outside the toilet (to the atmosphere), and not into the stall. You need to perform such a withdrawal in this order:

• A hole of the desired section is formed in the pit.
• According to the height of the back wall of the toilet, where the hood will be located, dowels and clamps or brackets are fixed.
• A pipe is installed (asbestos-cement or PVC with a diameter of 100 mm). Its length is taken taking into account the height of the toilet and the maximum possible filling level of the pit.
• A deflector is attached to the top. Its diameter must be identical to the pipe section.

Economical septic tanks for summer cottages with a cesspool from a barrel

The decision to use storage tanks as a cesspool can be considered effective only when the ventilation in the toilet in the country house from the barrel in the form of a ventilation pipe is at least 100 mm in cross section. It is removed above the ground by 0.5 m and removes the accumulated methane. In the absence of ventilation, the processes occurring inside the barrel can break it. With a relatively low efficiency and dependence on climate, weather, such toilets in summer cottages are popular due to their simple installation and cost-free operation.

Natural supply and exhaust method

A greater effect on removing stench from the cesspool is achieved with natural supply and exhaust ventilation. Except installed toilet some summer residents make another hole in the floor. Through these two inlets, air enters the pit, and leaves through the mounted pipe. It turns out two branches: from the closet and the pit. They are made from gray pvc pipes section 100 mm. The pipe must be calculated in length so that one end falls into the pit, and the other (upper) rises 0.3 above the roof. It is this height that should provide sufficient air removal power. With its lack, you can apply methods to increase traction in the pipe:

• Steal in a dark (preferably black) color exhaust pipe. Here the air duct rises slightly above the roof of the closet. The attracted rays of the sun heat the chimney and urge unpleasant odors to rise upwards.
• The pipe is also heated with the help of a light bulb placed in it.
• Install an exhaust device at the end of the outer part of the pipe (hood) to suck air from the booth. A puff of side wind creates air pressure between the pipe and the deflector, increasing traction.

For information! One way to reduce or even eliminate the penetration of stench into the toilet cubicle is to place the pit and cubicle at some distance. Laid between them sewage pipe connect the toilet in the "birdhouse" and the cesspool. The use of a tee makes it possible to install a ventilation pipe. For the disposal of sewage with such an organization of air exchange, a water supply is required.

Forced ventilation

A do-it-yourself mounted mechanical hood in the toilet in the country house will be more effective if:

• forced exchange takes place in the booth, but not in the pit;
• unpleasant odors, fumes are continuously removed;
• circulation provides the required air exchange rate;
• the power plant works regardless of the weather and seasons.

Significant "cons" - dependence on electricity and significant capital investments.

The organization of ventilation of the latrine with a ventilation device installed in the same window and connected by a cable to the mains is one of the types of forced air exchange. To control the air supply, you must also install a switch. The wiring is insulated from moisture penetration. It is laid on the outer side of the structure along the roof from the attic near standing house. Fan power in 30W window opening enough for small cabin dimensions (about 2 sq.m.). Depending on the shape and size of the window opening, the installation model is also selected. It is necessary not to forget to close the channels (exhaust, supply) with a protective mesh or grille. The fan connected to the network is checked in operation.

As for the septic pit, there is not enough fresh air in its closed volume. Therefore, a forced ventilation system is not placed directly in the pit. A fan is installed in the lowered pipe. He creates a breakdown. Air suction goes through the cabin.

It can be made easier. You will need to install a low-power duct fan in the hood: only 3 - 5 watts. The sensor regulates the speed of rotation of the blades. It is mounted directly inside the toilet. The desired speed of the exhaust air (thrust) is manually adjusted.

What type of ventilation for country toilet to choose - everyone decides, based on financial capabilities, expediency of application.

It would seem - why in the country ventilation? There is plenty of fresh air around, just open the windows and breathe! An - no. There is no way to avoid drafts, and there is no way to control the air flow. Most country houses are mothballed for the winter. “Visiting” cottages for the New Year holidays, many owners feel a musty atmosphere and heavy air, the smell of mold. This is the result of a lack of air exchange, so ventilation in a country house is needed.

In ancient times, when houses were built entirely of logs, no one thought about how to make ventilation in the country. Because the "live" wood passed fresh air from the street through itself. He penetrated into the window cracks, and into the caulked joints between the logs. Unplastered walls maintained optimum humidity and temperature. An important element of the ventilation of the country house was the stove. Through chimney exhaust air was drawn out.

Thus, the design of a house built according to old models implies natural ventilation.

The toilet in the country also needs ventilation, especially if the cottage is used all year round, and faeces accumulate in the cesspool. How to make effective ventilation in your favorite country house, spending a minimum of money?

Stoves and fireplaces for ventilation of small cottages

Modern rendition of vintage construction technologies: This cottage from a bar, with a fireplace or a stove and always wooden window frames. Such a country house is well ventilated without special investments.

Wall material will not let the summer heat into the rooms. In winter, the stove will serve as a hood and a heater at the same time. But in order to assemble such a dacha ventilation system with your own hands, you will need the skills of a stove-maker.

A good option for ventilation in the country can be a fireplace. The air flow will go through the cracks in the frames or open windows (if the windows are made of plastic). Blowing - through the chimney.

At the same time, the problem of heating for a country house used all year round is also being solved.

Such a system is suitable for a building made of any materials, a small area and used mainly in warm time of the year.

Mechanical dacha ventilation system

In the country, mechanical ventilation is justified in the following cases:

• large house;
• house 2 or 3 storey;
• house built by frame technology excluding natural air exchange.

Forced-type ventilation in a country house can be done completely mechanical or combined.

The combined system is easier to install, it will cost less, including during operation.

Forced air outflow

The supply part of the combined ventilation of a country house can be equipped with your own hands.

If the windows are plastic, supply valves are installed in them. These devices are on sale, they are inexpensive. There are various models of window inlet valves. They are attached to the upper crossbar of the window sash.

The supply valve can be inserted directly into the wall of the house. This is a fairly simple mechanism, consisting of a pipe for which you will have to make a hole with a diameter of 5 cm and a damper that regulates the intensity of the air supply. In winter, the damper is closed as much as possible to avoid cooling the room. You should not buy complex valves with filters, because clean country air does not need to be cleaned.

Air outflow is provided mechanically. And only skilled craftsmen can handle this work of installing ventilation in a country house with their own hands. Exhaust ducts are extended from places of the greatest air pollution (for example, kitchens) to the attic. Here is installed exhaust fan, which throws the exhaust air out. A negative pressure is created in the house, due to which, through supply valves fresh air is drawn in.

Cons of mechanical extraction:

• during a long absence of the owners, the house remains without ventilation;
• ventilation ducts need to be hidden under beams or boxes;
• additional power consumption for air extraction;
• it is advisable to select structural elements with the help of a professional.

It is better to entrust the calculation of the thickness of the air ducts and the fan power to a fan engineer.

Forced air supply

You can go the more expensive way by equipping your own hands with a forced air supply to the cottage ventilation system.

At the level of 2 meters from the soil surface is installed Supply unit. The air from the street is collected in the chamber, where it is heated (if necessary) and supplied to the rooms by a fan.

There are two ways to heat the air:

• electric heater;
• heating pipe.

The second is much more practical, but it must be designed simultaneously with the planning of the heating system.
The outflow is provided by ventilation vents in the kitchen, bathroom or toilet (if they are located in the house).

Do-it-yourself supply ventilation of the cottage

construction supply ventilation Do-it-yourself cottages are a complex and rather expensive process. But some craftsmen, thinking about how the ventilation of the dacha is done, come to original solutions. The air supply is carried out with the help of an air intake. It is mounted from the north wall. The installation consists of a pair of duct fans and two pipes through which air enters the body of an old but sealed refrigerator. Here, 2 radiators from the car are connected, connected to the recuperator. 2 - 4 pipes are sent to each room of the cottage (depending on the power of the installation and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room) with ventilation grilles. Supply grilles are placed 0.2 - 0.3 m from the floor.

Air outflow is carried out natural way. High blood pressure inside the rooms squeezes air into the corridors, kitchens and bathrooms. Ventilation pipes are equipped here.

Caring owners use waste warm air in cold weather to heat the greenhouse. Those who want to take advantage of their experience will have to run the ventilation pipe not up through the roof, but in the direction of the greenhouse. The air will be evacuated forcibly by the “snail” pump.

Country house floor ventilation

To ensure good ventilation of the country house, you should also take care of air exchange in the underground. Ventilation of the floor in the country house protects it from decay and the whole house from distortions, prolonging the service life.

If the basement is not planned, the ventilation of the floor of the country cottage is provided by a system of vents (holes) in the basement. Most often, country houses are built with basements. The vents are left at different heights of the plinth, which improves the movement of air flows. The size of the vents is usually 10 x 15 cm. The number of holes is calculated depending on the terrain, the architecture of the building, the wind rose and the climate.

Floor ventilation wooden dachas consists of wall grilles that are mounted above the floor vents (also called ventilation outlets).

The grate must be placed at the junction between the boards.

In this way, it is possible to make a recess in a smaller board, so the strength of the floor does not suffer.

Before installing sockets, you should definitely calculate the air flow pattern, which depends on the arrangement, type and power of heating devices.

Do not lay carpets, cabinets or sofas on top of the grilles for ventilation of the country floor.

To improve the movement of air in the subfield of a country house, ventilation plinths will also help.

Holes are drilled in the baseboards through which air circulates freely from the room to the basement. This is a simple and affordable method of building ventilation in a country house with your own hands. The holes in the baseboards should be up to 1.5 cm in diameter. They are installed along opposite walls. Sometimes a ventilation plinth is required on only one side of the room, and a ventilation pipe is used to ensure sufficient air movement. Its exit is located 1.5 meters above the roof.

Try to make such ventilation of a country house with your own hands, just ask a specialist to make the necessary calculations.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the country toilet

Most country toilets are built like a cesspool, which has a serious drawback - these are fetid gases that appear as a result of fermentation of feces. It is impossible to hermetically close the pit, so ventilation is necessary in the country toilet.

You can do all the work on installing the ventilation of the toilet in the country with your own hands. The ventilation of a country toilet is usually a single pipe leading from a pit along the back wall of the toilet. It ends 75 cm above the roof level. Pipes made of PVC or asbestos cement with a diameter of 10 cm are used. Metal brackets are convenient as fasteners.

A special hole for ventilation is provided in the cesspool, where the pipe is installed even before concreting. However, sometimes such a ventilation scheme for a country toilet is not always effective and odors penetrate into the cabin. You can assemble with your own hands the ventilation of the cabin of the country toilet. To do this, you need to purchase:

• two pieces of PVC pipe 0.5 m and 2 m with a diameter of 11 cm;
• 90 degree corner connection;
• umbrella or deflector;
• decorative lattice;
• fixture.

The exhaust hole for ventilation of the toilet in the country is drilled in the wall, as close as possible to the roof. The diameter of the hole must match the diameter of the pipe. The pipes are connected with a corner, a short piece is inserted into the hole. An extra piece of pipe from the inside of the room is sawn off. A deflector or umbrella is put on the upper cut of a long pipe, using a level, it is necessary to check the vertical position of the pipe, after which it is attached to the wall with long screws and clamps. A ventilation grill is installed at the outlet of the pipe inside the toilet. To prevent blowing into the slots, they are filled with silicone or polyurethane foam.

To ensure the flow of clean air into the booth, a small hole is made on the opposite wall (from the one where the exhaust pipe was inserted). It should be no higher than 0.2 m from the floor level and covered with decorative ventilation grilles.

The ventilation of an outdoor toilet will work according to this principle: fresh cool air enters the cubicle, rises up along with unpleasant odors and goes outside. But before you make the ventilation of the toilet cubicle in the country, you need to take care of the removal of gases from the cesspool. Otherwise, do-it-yourself ventilation of the country toilet will not be effective enough to deal with the stench.

Almost everyone who has a dacha knows what a toilet is on the street. For many, it is associated with an unpleasant odor and the likelihood of falling into a cesspool. If we can’t advise you anything with the second one, only if you strengthen the floor, but the hood in the country toilet will cope with unpleasant odors.

Everyone roughly knows what a toilet looks like on the street: a small wooden structure, which smells unpleasant, sometimes you can find a building made of bricks. In addition to what is above the ground, there is another element - a cesspool. It serves to collect waste products.

Standard design

Causes of an unpleasant odor

The source of the unpleasant odor in the country toilet is the cesspool. This is due to the fact that it accumulates a mass of all kinds of gases, which ultimately turn into methane, and it is he who emits such unpleasant odor. In addition to the fact that the cabin smells unpleasant, this gas leads to the destruction of the structure itself. This is due to its long impact on the structure, in this process the wooden or concrete structure is impregnated with methane, as a result of which its service life drops significantly. And based on this, we can conclude that after a certain time of operation it will be dangerous to use such a toilet, since there is a high probability of falling into a cesspool.

Cesspool

Waste disposal methods

The drain method is selected depending on how the outdoor toilet is used. There are two main options, not so much a drain as a booth installation option.

1. It can be placed directly above the cesspool
2. Near a cesspool.

Which option you choose depends on how often you use it. If, say, the toilet will be used only during an infrequent visit to the hacienda (rest), then in this case you should not complicate everything, and you can choose the first installation option.

If the outdoor toilet is used as the main one, then it is worth choosing the second option, but in this case it is necessary to run a water supply to it or come up with another drain system.

If the second option was chosen, do not think that you can neglect the ventilation system. It is also needed, as in the first case.

Pit toilet

The principle of operation of the ventilation system

There are two main types of ventilation:

1. Mechanical
2. Natural.

To make it clear, none of the systems can work without two elements: an inlet and an exhaust duct. If at least one is missing, then the draft stops, therefore, the exhaust air does not leave the room.

And now let's dwell on the choice of the method of air circulation, consider all the pros and cons of each of the systems.

mechanical ventilation

This method of purifying the air from extraneous accumulations is considered the most effective, but besides that, it is also more expensive. This is done by installing a fan in the exhaust opening leading to the outside. Thanks to the supercharger, the traction force is matched, resulting in increased performance. Everything seems to be fine, except that the price bites a little, but there are other disadvantages:

1. More complex installation for an outdoor toilet
2. Power dependency
3. During the operation of the device, it may be necessary to change parts, and the use itself is more expensive.

Fan

But despite this, if you want your toilet to smell like a meadow for a whole year, consider installing compulsory system ventilation.

natural ventilation

For those who want to save a little and are not worried about a slight unpleasant smell in the summer, they can safely choose a natural ventilation system. It will be enough to remove excess methane accumulating in the cabin space. In addition, equipping the toilet in this way of air circulation is quite simple.

The following can be distinguished character traits this way of purifying the air:

1. Ease of execution
2. Cheapness
3. It works weaker than forced, and is not effective enough in the summer.

Pull-out toilet

Installation Features

Consider first one total moment in forced and natural exhaust - this is the removal of gas from the cesspool. Each of the options needs this moment. What do we need in order to do this?

1. bayonet shovel
2. Downspout fixtures
3. Drill or puncher, depending on what material the toilet cubicle is made of
4. Protective wrap for pipe
5. Plastic pipe with a diameter of 100, or a little more, millimeters
6. Deflector.

Installation process

1. First you need to dig a through hole with a shovel in order to run the pipe underground, into a cesspool
2. Then install the drain mounts to the rear wall of the cabin
3. Mount the pipe, it should be about half a meter above the roof level
4. Install a deflector at the top end of the pipe.

Pipe coming out of a cesspool

Now you have made sure that too much methane does not accumulate in the cesspool.

Let's move on to the installation features of each of the ventilation methods.

Installation of mechanical ventilation

As you already know, this option for cleaning the toilet cubicle from an unpleasant smell is the most effective. And as already mentioned, for its operation it is necessary to choose a fan that will be installed in the exhaust hole located in the booth.

An important point. In no case should the blower be installed in a chimney coming out of a cesspool.

Now let's talk about the location of the supply and exhaust channels. In order to achieve the most efficient work, it is necessary to place them on opposite walls. In addition, the supply duct is installed at a height of half a meter above the floor, and the exhaust duct at a small distance from the ceiling.

supply channel

What will be required

As mentioned earlier, you will need a fan. But which one to choose? To provide a standard country toilet, which has an area of ​​\u200b\u200bapproximately two square meters, a device with a power of 30 watts is perfect. There is no point in buying something more productive.

Tool kit:

1. Perforator or drill, depending on the material of construction
2. Screwdriver, tape, pliers
3. Roulette and level.

We decided on the tool, it remains only to purchase additional materials:

1. Everything related to the connection to the power supply, namely: a switch, adapters and a cable with a protective layer against rain
2. Protective grille for supply and exhaust ducts.

Installation

Switch

The first thing to do is to extend the power supply to the toilet cubicle. If it is located near the house, then the cable is pulled in a suspended way from the attic. After that, in the booth, electricity is conducted to the installation site of the fan and a switch is installed. Next, using a perforator or drill, supply and exhaust holes are made.

Now that everything is ready to install the fan, we mount it in the exhaust hole, fix it with self-tapping screws or building glue, and connect it to the power supply. It remains only to close the supply and exhaust channels with protective grilles.

Installation completed.

The natural ventilation system is made similarly to forced ventilation, only it is not required to conduct power supply and install a fan. The principles of operation remain the same.

A country house on 6-10-20 acres is a place where you can both relax and work, growing some crops (or some animals). Like any building, a dacha needs constant air exchange - this is necessary both for the people who are there and to prevent dampness and mold.

Let's make a reservation right away: below we will talk about simple country houses, and not about "serious" cottages designed for comfortable year-round living.

The main nuances and rules for arranging ventilation in country houses

For the most part, a country house is a building with an attic, a basement, a wood-burning stove and usually a small area. It can be built from wood, brick or blocks.

Often, in the construction of seasonal buildings, they try to save on everything they can. Therefore, most often such houses do not have any "full" heating, ventilation, or insulation. Therefore, in winter, if it is possible to be in them, then perhaps in outerwear and with a heated stove.

From the basic rules for arranging a ventilation system, the following points can be distinguished:

1. The system should be done, focusing on the seasons of using the cottage. If it stays closed all winter, you need to think about how it will be ventilated at this time.
2. Ventilation is needed not only in living rooms. Shed, attic, underground, basement - all this also requires ventilation.
3. If high humidity is maintained inside one of the rooms (which is a common thing for summer cottages) - at least in this room it is better to make a forced system.
4. It is necessary to equip both inflow and exhaust. If there is something for the air to enter through, but there is no normal exhaust system, the ventilation will not work. And vice versa: if there is an extractor hood, but air from the street does not flow inside, there will be no effect either.

Air exchange method depending on the type of building

The method of air exchange largely depends on the type of building. It could be:

1. Wooden building. The tree is able to let air in through cracks and leaks, providing an inflow (albeit not always sufficient). Air removal can take place through the stove chimney.
2. House from blocks (metal containers). Such buildings are usually completely sealed and do not have ventilation, so you will definitely have to equip it yourself.
3. Construction of block materials (brick, blocks of different types concrete) or concrete. Air does not pass through such walls, so the ventilation system must be laid during construction. Air removal can be carried out both through the chimney and through a separate ventilation duct.

How to understand if something needs to be done with ventilation?

If you are not building a cottage from scratch, but have (or purchased) a house, you need to decide whether it is worth worrying about air exchange, or everything is in order with ventilation.

The easiest way is to ask the previous owner about it. If this is not possible, or he himself is not aware (for example, he has not been to the country for a long time), then you can pay attention to such factors:

1. Is there mold inside? The most obvious "indicator" that there are problems with air exchange.
2. Does it feel damp inside?
3. Inside on the windows, window sill, front door- Is there condensation?
4. Is the air in the house stale, musty?

These points are worth paying attention to when you arrive at the cottage after some time. Dampness and stale air can be felt after a few days, but mold will grow if the microclimate is disturbed and you will not appear in the country for several months.

If you notice any of these "symptoms" - obviously not everything is in order with air exchange.

Calculation: how much air do you need?

Suppose that you are in the country only in warm weather. During the hot months, dachas usually have windows and/or doors open frequently, and therefore ensure that air is supplied exactly to the enough. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the system, if we are talking about a “summer” house, only based on the winter period.

Since dachas are usually closed in winter, it is not necessary to create a strong air exchange in the building. It will be enough to provide a multiplicity of 0.35.

L = V xCr, Where:

• L- air exchange, in m³ /h which we need to create;
• V- the volume of the room;
• Kp - the rate of air exchange (for giving we took 0.35 - the norm for a residential bedroom).

Please note: ideally, the calculation should be made for each room (room) separately.

Air exchange systems: natural or forced?

One of the main differencesis the principle of creating air exchange - it can benatural or forced. Below we consider each option and how to arrange it with your own hands.

Natural

In this case, air will flow in and out of the room due to the pressure difference. Fans are not used in this circuit. You can read more about it separately.

Circuit is cheap (if you have to buy something, then the cheapest products, and you don’t need to spend money on electricity),but ineffective - air exchange largely depends on the weather, and it is difficult to regulate it. Suitable if you have a small house that is used only in the summer.

For inflow in natural ventilation systems, the following can be used:

1. Supply valves - or.
2. at the front door (suitable if the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house does not exceed 20-40 "squares", otherwise you will have to use too large a ventilation grill).
3. Windows with micro-ventilation (not relevant for cottages, since expensive windows are rarely installed in seasonal houses).
4. In summer - just open windows or doors (but in winter, when they are closed, you still have to provide inflow in another way).

For exhaust - either a stove chimney can be used (that is, nothing else needs to be done if there is already a chimney), or an exhaust duct. It is mounted at a point as far as possible from the inflow point (so that air is drawn through the entire room).

The inflow is placed as low as possible, the hood - as high as possible, under the ceiling. If there are several rooms, the inflow points must be in each, and located opposite the door. The chimney can be removed either through the roof, above the ridge, or through the wall horizontally.

Visually about the natural system (video)

Forced

In this case, both supply and exhaust will be carried out using fans. Air exchange in this case is more stable, it can be adjusted. Suitable formore spacious houses, in which it is more difficult to organize ventilation in a natural way.

Otherwise, all the rules are the same as with the natural ventilation scheme - inflow points should be in each room, and installed opposite the door. Hood - is displayed through a pipe either on the roof or through the wall.

There is another option - an air duct system is mounted. 1 pipe with 1 fan enters the room, and branches out: a section is brought into each room through which air will flow.

Arrangement of ventilation for non-residential premises

An important nuance: ventilation (or rather, the supply of fresh air and the removal of the "old") is needed not only for rooms where people will be. Non-residential premises and spaces also need it:

1. Underground.
2. Barn.
3. Attic.
4. Basement.

The ventilation system in them is needed to prevent moisture and mold.

Since the listed places usually have a small area, and do not need an inflow a large number air - most often they just need to make holes in the walls. You need to do them opposite each other.

Natural-forced scheme: air is supplied through supply valves in each room and removed through air ducts connected to the same duct with a fan

A more efficient option is when a simple hole is made for the inflow, and the exhaust is drawn up through the pipe (that is, the inflow point is located below the exhaust point).

If the area of ​​these premises is large, and / or natural ventilation is available in them, and does not cope - you can organize part of the system forcibly. The options are:

1. Supply ventilation is organized through the holes. Exhaust - carried out through fans that are placed in the wall.
2. Supply ventilation is organized through the holes. To remove air into the room, a section of the air duct is started, which is connected to the exhaust duct in the living quarters.
3. Both supply and exhaust are carried out through air ducts, which are supplied to each room separately.

Arrangement of ventilation for residential premises

The arrangement of the ventilation system for residential premises is a little more complicated than for non-residential ones.

The simplest option is natural: the inflow is organized through the holes in each room, and the air is removed through the stove chimney. This method is more than enough for a small house with an area of ​​​​25-30 "squares".

If this is not enough, or if there is no stove in the house, you can install an exhaust pipe to remove air, which will go to the roof or through the wall to the street.

If this is not enough, or you immediately want to get a more serious and effective system- it is better to insert a fan into the exhaust pipe. Inflow - everything is also organized through the holes in each room.

Ventilation systems with forced air supply and removal are rare for summer cottages: the areas are too small for their use. Usuallyeven for large houses, forced exhaust is sufficient.

An example of a finished ventilation scheme for a house from SIP panels (video)

What to do in winter?

P winding the cottage in the summer - you can without problems. Another thing is to make an air exchange system when it's cold outside.

In the view of many, a country toilet is a cabin that is located somewhere in the garden, there is bad smell and I don't really want to go there. But now this is far from the case, many equip them comfortably enough, but for some reason the smell remains, what to do with it? Ventilation of the country toilet will help to cope with this problem.

Let's move on to a more detailed consideration of the issue.

Toilet outside, what and why

In order to deal with ventilation in a country toilet, you must first find out how it works. In most cases, its structure is as follows:

1. Cabin we can watch
2. Cesspool located underground.

The main reason for the occurrence of an unpleasant odor in the cabin is precisely the cesspool. This is due to the accumulation of waste in it, which, as a result of their accumulation, produce gas (methane), and it, in turn, rises to the top. If you don't ventilate outdoor toilet, then you can bring everything to the point that a person who will go into the booth out of need may become ill. In addition, after a long exposure to methane on the material from which the structure is made, the toilet begins to collapse. This moment can lead to the fact that at one point the user of the toilet can fall into the cesspool, which will lead to death if he is not quickly rescued.

To avoid this, experts advise taking into account the ventilation system at the design stage. It will allow timely removal of methane to the outside, thereby preventing it from affecting the structure and getting from the pit to the booth.

Types of country toilets

Classic variant

They can be divided into two main types:

1. The cabin is located above the cesspool
2. Cesspool near the cabin.

Most often you can find the first option. It is easier to make, and you do not need to think about how the waste will fall into the pit. But this method is good to use if you rarely use such a toilet.

If it acts as the main one, then it is better to do as suggested in the second option. But in this case, you will have to conduct plumbing into the booth, or make a drainage system that is convenient for you.

Ventilation system

You are already familiar with how the country toilet is arranged, let's move on to the arrangement of the hood. Now in the world there are two main options:

1. Natural
2. Forced ventilation.

The first is based on the natural movement of air. And the second needs additional equipment in the form of a fan. Both of these systems are united by two identical points:

1. The need for supply and exhaust channels
2. Installation of a cesspool hood.

Pit hood

Let us consider in more detail the methods of ventilation.

Forced system

To date, this ventilation option is considered the most effective. It copes much faster with the removal of exhaust air in any room. But you have to pay for speed and convenience. The price will rise due to the purchase of a fan and all additional materials required for its installation (wires, switches, etc.).

Advantages and disadvantages:

• Quick withdrawal of accumulations in the air
• Works efficiently regardless of weather conditions
• Mounting is more difficult than a natural ventilation system
• Doesn't work without electricity
• Relatively high price
• Requires periodic replacement of parts.

Despite the shortcomings, if you want your booth to be perfect fresh air, we advise you to opt for this option.

Fan

natural system

This option is suitable those people who do not bother much with their heads about an unpleasant smell. He, of course, is not as effective as the previous method, but still copes with his duties. The accumulated gas will be removed from the booth, normalizing its amount. Natural ventilation does not require any additional equipment, which makes this method very cheap.

Advantages and disadvantages:

• Cheapness
• Ease of installation
• Low efficiency
• Weather dependent.

You can't do that

Installation

Let's start with one of the common and necessary points, like a hood in a cesspool. It is necessary to remove the accumulated gas into the atmosphere, and not into the toilet cubicle. In order to make it, you will need:

1. Shovel
2. Pipe, its length depends on the height of the cabin and the thickness of the soil under which the cesspool is located, the diameter should be about 110 mm
3. Hammer drill or drill, it all depends on what material the booth construction is made of
4. Sewn-in material to avoid damage to the pipe where it passes through the ground
5. Gutter mounts
6. Deflector, to improve the performance of the system.

How to install

Installation of a cesspool hood is quite simple. Let's consider everything in stages:

1. It is necessary to dig a hole of the desired diameter in the cesspool
2. Fasten water drains along the rear wall of the cabin
3. Install exhaust pipe
4. Attach deflector.

Important! The fan must not be installed in a pipe. This can lead to unpleasant consequences.

toilet scheme

Installation of natural ventilation

We have already figured out how to make a hood in the cesspool, it remains to do the same in the booth. For this you will need:

1. Perforator
2. Protective ventilation grill.

The principle is this - it is necessary to make two holes, an exhaust near the ceiling, a window for lighting can also play its role, and a supply one, it is located at the bottom of the booth. It is important that they are on opposite sides.

After this is done, protective gratings should be fixed at the entrance and exit, in order to prevent living creatures and debris from entering the room.

Forced ventilation installation

Exhaust fan

As mentioned earlier, this the best option make good air circulation. In order to carry out the installation, you will need:

1. Screwdriver and pliers
2. Perforator or drill
3. Fan
4. Rain Coated Cable
5. Switch
6. Protective grid.

Since the fan is the main power plant, let's dwell on this moment. Standard outdoor toilet cubicles have an area close to 2 square meters. To provide such a room with a good hood, a device with a power of 30 watts will be enough.

Let's go directly to the installation. First you need to supply power, for this we will use a previously purchased cable. We also make holes for the supply and exhaust channels, the principle is the same as in natural ventilation. We fix the fan in the exhaust hole, connect it to the power supply. It remains only to install protective grilles on the supply and output channels.

ventilation grille

Now you are fully familiar with the process of installing ventilation in a country toilet. It is recommended to take this point into account during the design of the structure. Fresh air for you.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the country bathroom