Everything for the ventilation of the bath. How to make a hood in the bath - design and installation of ventilation

Russian bath is very beneficial for health. The fundamental point in its construction is well-equipped ventilation in the bath in the steam room. In this room, as a rule, very heat and humidity. Properly organized air circulation is necessary condition.

Often, many homeowners doubt whether ventilation is needed in the bath in the steam room. The proposed material will allow you to correctly answer this question and solve all the problems with the arrangement of ventilation without much difficulty and without significant material costs.

Ventilation in the steam room is necessary for air circulation

Why do you need ventilation in the steam room

Proper ventilation of the sauna steam room helps to solve the following problems:

• maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature;
• health safety;
• the preservation of the wood used for the interior decoration of the steam room.

Ventilation products in the steam room help to regulate the temperature, and keep the wood from dampness and fungus longer

If the ventilation of the steam room in the Russian bath is arranged incorrectly, the appearance of such negative factors, How:

• rapid cooling of heated air;
• accumulation of gases during the adoption of procedures;
• premature decay finishing materials;
• the appearance of harmful microbes, bacteria, mold, fungi;
• bad smell.

The proposed material will describe in detail what should be the right organized ventilation in the sauna steam room, video and photo materials will clearly illustrate all key points.

Basic principles of steam room ventilation

A specific scheme for arranging ventilation is usually selected taking into account architectural features the structure itself, size, number of rooms, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly observe the basic principles for arranging ventilation systems for steam rooms in Russian baths. If they are violated, various negative phenomena can occur that create a serious threat to the health and life of vacationers.

Feed inlet fresh air located just above floor level. In order for the incoming air to warm up immediately, the inlet is located in the immediate vicinity of the furnace.

The outlet for used air is located under the ceiling. The main thing is that the inlet and outlet for air be equipped on opposite walls.

Important! Under no circumstances should these holes be placed at the same level! The air in the interior space will not fully circulate. There will be a temperature difference that creates a serious health hazard.

The dimensions of the inlet and outlet holes are identical. They are selected depending on the dimensions of the internal space of the steam room. For 1 cu. m of air requires 24 cm of pipe diameter. If necessary, arrangement of additional air outlets is allowed.

The ventilation of the steam room is arranged in such a way that the exhaust air is completely replaced every 3-4 hours. This is required by sanitary and fire safety standards.

The vent in the bath is equipped with valves to regulate the air flow

The ventilation device in the steam room of the bath requires the mandatory placement of a valve system. You can use special blinds for this. This will allow you to control the amount of air entering and exiting. If necessary, the bath can be heated or cooled very quickly and without much difficulty.

You need to think about how to make ventilation in the steam room of the bath already when drawing up a project. This will allow you to correctly place all ventilation pipes, openings, etc. during construction. This will allow you to properly equip the mines, lay pipes and perform all other work. Arrange the air circulation system after completion construction works will be much more difficult.

Before building a bath, it is necessary to consider the location of the ventilation ducts in the bath

Varieties of ventilation systems for the steam room

Ventilation in the bath in the steam room (see photo) is used in 3 types - natural, forced (i.e. mechanical) and combined. The choice of a particular system is made taking into account factors such as:

• the size of the steam room and the dimensions of the building as a whole;
• it is possible to correctly place the exhaust pipes;
• the material from which the bath was built;
• bath use all year round or only during the summer season.

Warm air lighter than cold. Therefore, with properly equipped ventilation in the bath in the steam room, heated flows rise to the ceiling and are gradually drawn out through the vent. The air coming from the outside is immediately heated from the stove and passes into the room without creating a temperature difference. Here is the basic principle by which ventilation works in the bath in the steam room.

natural ventilation

The natural ventilation system provides air exchange due to different levels of pressure and temperature in the internal space (in the steam room) and outside, i.e. on the street. When the exhaust air exits through the outlet, the internal atmosphere in the room is discharged, creating conditions for drawing in cold air through the bottom inlet. In this case, special attention should be paid to the insulation of the bath. Otherwise, high-quality heating will not work.

Natural ventilation in a steam room in a frame bath is most often used for small buildings built from breathable material, i.e., from wood. Additional elements of the ventilation system in this case are small gaps in the log walls. The main advantage of natural ventilation is its low cost.

Forced and combined ventilation

A mechanical or forced ventilation system in a bath in a steam room is necessary if:

• the total area of ​​the bath is large;
• the building was built of brick, cinder blocks, stone;
• the steam room is very large;
• exhaust pipes cannot be placed correctly;
• heavy duty oven.

Do-it-yourself forced ventilation of the steam room of the bath is mounted without any problems. It uses:

• fans;
• supply valves;
• deflectors.

Forced ventilation in the bath is suitable for large rooms

Nuance! The ventilation system in the bath in the steam room, heated with a geyser, requires the arrangement of a separate ventilation duct.

The combined ventilation system is equipped using elements of both systems described above. Fresh air enters naturally, i.e. through the lower inlet. Extraction of exhaust air masses is provided by mechanical devices.

How to choose a steam room fan

A classic duct-type fan for a steam room is not suitable. High temperature and humidity are detrimental to such devices. In the steam room, fans of a special design are used. The material for their manufacture is glass-filled polyamide. Such models are resistant to moisture and can withstand temperatures up to 130 ° C.

Glass-filled polyamide - perfect material for the manufacture of steam room fans

The fan model is selected according to technical specifications.

It should be remembered! Ordinary room fans can only be used for the final drying and airing of the steam room after the adoption of procedures and subsequent cleaning.

In the presence of Money you can install a self-regulating system for ventilation in the bath in the steam room. This device will automatically provide air inlet and outlet, temperature, humidity level. It is advisable to purchase such systems only from trusted manufacturers.

Basic schemes

What can be the ventilation in the steam room of the bath, the diagram, video and other materials attached below will show clearly. You just need to choose 1 of the 4 attached options and do everything correctly necessary work.

According to scheme A, the fresh air inlet is arranged below the stove. The outlet channel is mounted on a directly opposite wall under the ceiling.

The exhaust pipe is installed vertically. Its length is calculated so that the upper edge of the pipe rises slightly above the roof ridge. This will ensure the normal functioning of the ventilation system during strong winds.

Scheme A of the location of ventilation in the bath

Properly selected sizes of pipes for exhaust air will ensure the natural circulation of air masses. Additional adjustment is provided by the installation of dampers.

The use of scheme B is assumed only if only 1 of the walls of the steam room can be used for arranging ventilation. Air openings are located opposite the heater. The inlet hole is raised 30 cm from the finished floor. The outlet window is lowered 20 cm from the ceiling.

Scheme B Arrangement of ventilation ducts in front of the heater

The air passing through the bottom inlet is heated by the furnace and rises in the direction of the air outlet. Mechanical pulling devices are necessary for the normal functioning of the system.

According to scheme C, it is possible to provide ventilation not only for the steam room, but also for the underground space. The inlet hole is arranged in the wall behind the heater. It must be raised above the finished floor by 20 cm.

Scheme C with air supply under the floor of the bath

The heated supply air passes into the basement through the cracks of the leaking floor. Then it returns to the steam room and moves towards the exhaust opening. From here, the exhausted air masses go outside.

For a constantly used bath, ventilation according to scheme D can be used. In this case, the inlet is arranged at the bottom, but opposite the stove, and not behind it, as in other options. Height above the floor - 20 cm. chimney.

In order for the ventilation in the bath in the steam room to work effectively, it is necessary to choose the right location for the stove. It is most convenient to equip it inside the steam room. If the stove is located in an adjacent room, the efficiency of the ventilation system and the heater itself will be noticeably lower.

Preparatory work

To arrange ventilation in the steam room, it is necessary to prepare the following materials:

• brick and/or stone;
• cement and sand;
• ventilation ducts;
• finished valves or material for their manufacture;
• a metal sheet;
• lining for lining the box;
• fixing material - nails, screws, self-tapping screws.

To work, you will need the following tools:

• hacksaw;
• Bulgarian;
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• tape measure, level, plumb;
• construction mixer;
• drill or perforator;
• a set of spatulas;
• container for mixing the solution;
• technical knife;

Work is best done in special clothing. Wear gloves and a respirator if necessary.

Supply ventilation installation

The inlet channel for supplying fresh air is located in the immediate vicinity of the furnace. sauna stove. It is desirable that the inlet is located above a sheet of metal sheathing that protects the wood from the accidental ingress of small coals.

First of suitable material you need to make a box. Its dimensions should exceed the dimensions of the chimney by about 20%. The outer opening of the box is located on outer wall. It is undesirable to place it in the basement.

If the firebox is located in the actual steam room, a convection box is additionally equipped. At the wall in which the air inlet is located, you need to lay out a podium of bricks placed “on edge”. They are laid out in 3 rows - under the wall, in the middle and on the edge.

The masonry for the oven is arranged to a height of 25 cm. It must be brought to a brick screen and must be blocked. In order for the newly incoming air to pass directly into the furnace, it is better not to lay the last 2 bricks. The butt is lined with bricks.

The convection box is mounted to the end. At the end, a blower is equipped. Under it is a protective substrate for the safety of the floor covering.

When the podium is completely ready, you can start installing the furnace. To evenly distribute the load, it is desirable to use a corner made of metal.

After the final installation, stone or brickwork is arranged around the furnace. To form a gap, it is moved 5-6 cm from the furnace. Next, a special screen is installed. It needs to form holes for the passage of hot air.

Installation of outflow ventilation

The outflow box is installed diametrically opposite from the inlet. It is raised above the finished floor by 30 cm. The inner area of ​​the box is approximately 1.25 m².

Through the wall, the outflow duct is led to the ceiling and an external outlet is equipped for it. You can remove the exhaust air to an adjacent room. In this way, it will be possible to warm it up without extra costs.

Outflow ventilation can be placed on top of the ceiling

To avoid accidental burns, the chimney box must be lined with a brick or stone casing. At the same time, a special hole with a door must be left below, which will be a blower. An additional hole, equipped on top, will allow the chimney to be used as a heat pump, this will create both heating of the room and proper air circulation.

How to ventilate a Russian bath

The correct ventilation device in the steam room of the Russian bath does not involve the use of any mechanical devices. Otherwise, the heated air will be expelled very quickly. Efficiency and pleasure from bathing procedures will decrease significantly.

In the Russian bath, natural ventilation is used, where the outflow of air is carried out through the window.

Therefore, the Russian bath must be carefully cleaned, ventilated and dried after each use. For ventilation, a special window is installed in the wall opposite the door. You can use a mechanical extractor. The door must be kept open for ventilation.

It is necessary to remove leaves from brooms and random objects from the beds. Then you need to wash all surfaces and dry them with towels and / or a special absorbent cloth. This will protect against the formation of mold and the reproduction of harmful microorganisms. After cleaning, airing and drying, the steam room is ready for further use.

The steam room in the Russian bath is combined with a washing room, so it needs to be dried after each use

How to warm up a Russian bath

First you need to fire up the oven. The outlet openings must be kept closed. Only input opens.

Having warmed up the room to the desired temperature, you need to open the valve of the lower air outlet pipe. This will ensure proper air circulation. The temperature will not drop.

In order to warm up the stove, it is necessary to open the valve in the stove of the Russian bath

Passing into the box from below, the heated air will gradually displace cool air masses to the outlet. When passing through the box, they will provide additional heating of the room. In parallel, the ventilation of the steam room will also take place.

If ventilation is not working properly

During the use of the steam room, it is necessary to periodically check the health of the ventilation system. With good air circulation in the steam room, it is always easy to breathe, the body heats up evenly, the temperature and humidity are maintained at the required level.

If the ventilation in the bath in the steam room was installed incorrectly or became unusable over time, signs such as:

• abundant condensation on vertical surfaces;
• mold, especially in the corners;
• putrid smell;
• uneven air heating;
• drafts;
• slow setting of the required temperature;
• excessively rapid heat loss;
• an unpleasant internal atmosphere that makes it difficult to breathe.

Mold in the steam room indicates a lack of ventilation

If at least 1 or 2 of the above factors are present, then the ventilation in the bath in the steam room is not properly equipped. Another option is clogging and / or damage to the system, the need for urgent repairs and / or thorough cleaning of individual elements or the ventilation system as a whole.

Clogging of ventilation ducts disrupts its operation

From the foregoing, it becomes clear that it is inexpensive and not very difficult to properly ventilate the steam room of the bath. However, this requires careful observance of all technologies. The attached video "How to make ventilation in the steam room of the bath" will help to avoid mistakes.

Bath procedures are not only one of good ways maintain hygiene, but also the ability to remove accumulated harmful substances and toxins from the body. However, in order for the visit to be comfortable and beneficial, a good one is needed to exclude the possibility of the formation of fungi and mold due to high humidity. Ventilation in the bath, equipped by specialists or with your own hands, will ensure the flow of fresh air into the room and remove exhaust gases and fumes resulting from the operation of the heater and the use of hot water.

Read in the article

Do you really need ventilation in the bath or can you do without it?

The functions of bath ventilation are complicated by the fact that it should contribute to a fairly rapid removal of moist air from the premises and qualitatively regulate the temperature in the steam room. It is especially important to have a good exhaust system for baths equipped with gas and solid fuels - to maintain the combustion process in such structures, an influx of an impressive amount of air is required. Lack of ventilation for will lead to excessive concentration carbon dioxide, negatively affecting people's health and which can lead to loss of consciousness.

Inexperienced craftsmen try to carefully isolate the premises, sealing up the slightest gaps to increase the speed of heating the steam room and keep the heat longer. However, this is the wrong approach, since ventilation holes must be mandatory. Properly arranged allows you to:

• create a healthy microclimate in the bath;
• reduce the concentration of humidity and quickly drain the premises;
• get rid of carbon dioxide;
• quickly warm up the steam room and other bath rooms;
• eliminate stagnant and unpleasant odors;
• get rid of pathogenic fungi and mold;
• keep the interior decoration in its original form.

From the foregoing, it becomes clear how important the device is in the exhaust system bath. Before you make ventilation in the bath, you must first learn about its varieties and basic installation schemes.

Effective ventilation in the bath - scheme and device

Before you further deal with the exhaust system and proceed with its arrangement, you should know that ventilation can be natural and forced. There are also differences in ventilation systems and their schemes depending on the location. Well, now about everything in order.

natural ventilation

This option is optimal for most baths, as it is the cheapest and quite effective. The location of the ventilation openings must be determined based on the size of the room, the location of the heater and shelves, as well as the material from which the sauna is built. Whatever the ventilation schemes in the baths, there is one general rule- the supply opening should be located at a height of 20-30 cm from the floor level, and the exhaust at the same distance, but from the ceiling.

The dimensions of the vents should be approximately 300-400 mm 2. If the air exchange is too fast, which will cause a decrease in the temperature in the steam room, the ventilation openings must be covered with special control dampers. For improvement appearance it is advisable to mount decorative grilles on the vents, which can be easily bought in specialized stores or made by hand.

However, this type of ventilation is not suitable for a steam room. All ventilation openings (inlet and outlet) must be at the same level from the floor. Thus, the incoming air streams are heated from the furnace and rise up, while the cooled air flows down and enter the exhaust vents. To keep the heat in the room, the openings can be closed with special dampers.

Forced ventilation

The mechanical movement of air is carried out by installing on the ventilation openings special devices(). This will allow you to quickly update the air, which is very important, especially in the washing room. This ventilation option is well suited in cases where it is installed in the bath. The forced exhaust scheme in the bath has a number of advantages over the natural one:

• it is possible to filter incoming air masses;
• maintaining a given microclimate;
• even distribution of heated air.

For large volumes of fresh air to enter the steam room, it is necessary that the ventilation openings are located diametrically to each other. During installation, it is not necessary to place the inlet and exhaust vents at the same level in order to exclude the closure of air flows, which will cause a concentration of cooled air below, and on the contrary, it will be very hot at the top.

Important! Since high humidity and high temperature are the main enemies of any electrical equipment, the fan case must have reliable moisture protection, and the connection must be made in full accordance with the PUE.

The advantage of forced-type ventilation is accelerated air exchange and advanced adjustment options. Such an exhaust system is equally effective regardless of the strength and direction of the wind, as well as weather conditions.

The device in the baths of floor ventilation

The floors in the bath rooms are operated in extreme conditions. The impact of moisture on the floor is carried out both from below from the side of the soil, and from above. The most difficult conditions are created in the steam room, where hot steam comes into contact with wooden coating floor, cooling and condensing. The resulting condensate penetrates into and creates a favorable environment for the development of fungus and mold.

Efficient scheme floor ventilation helps prevent the destructive effects of mold and remove excess steam. Floor ventilation can be natural or forced. However, for efficiency when installing a ventilation system, the following conditions must be observed:

• prevent floor cooling during the adoption of procedures;
• ensure fast and efficient drying, but it is important not to overdo it in order to prevent cracking of the wood;
• the arrangement of the ventilation system is required to be carried out at the construction stage.

When arranging ventilation vents, one must take into account the climate, wind conditions, landscape, sources of pollution, as well as internal factors - the type and location of the heater, construction doorways, presence and window vents. Most often, vents for ventilation are located at 3 different levels:

• under flooring or in ;
• under the heating structure or at the level of its foundation;
• in the wall at a distance of 350-450 mm. from the floor level (best done behind the heater).

The device in the ventilation baths under the floors has a number of advantages. In addition to eliminating condensate and improving the quality of drying the floor covering, the air flow from below does not form drafts and, therefore, ventilation can also be used in the process of taking bath procedures. For greater efficiency, it is important to correctly create a drain system to remove drains outside the building.

Creating air exchange in the foundation of the bath

The creation of an exhaust system in the bath is extremely necessary, as it not only helps to prevent the formation of mold, but also to protect the building from rot. The characteristics of the ventilation system are calculated at the design stage. The type and location of bath ventilation largely depends on the prevailing winds, topography and the presence of water bodies, which often cause buildings to flood.

It is possible to ensure normal air circulation by arranging several holes, the number and size of which are calculated in accordance with the size of the bath. The diameter of the vents must be at least 110 mm. Ventilation openings are usually made opposite each other. In the event that the building is located in a lowland, densely surrounded by other buildings, or there are natural barriers to the free movement of air flows, then vents must be arranged on all sides of the foundation, since this is the only way to achieve high-quality ventilation.

The ventilation system in the baths in the steam rooms

Traditionally, a stove-heater is installed in the steam room, which forms the basis. The air from the steam room passes through the blower, which ensures its good circulation. To obtain the maximum outflow of air masses, the stove should be installed below the level of the finished floor, and to start the ventilation process of the room, it is enough to slightly open the window or the front door. The disadvantage of such a ventilation scheme in the steam rooms of the baths is that when there is no combustion process, the air circulation stops.

In addition to the heater, ventilation in the steam room is provided by additional openings with special dampers to regulate air exchange. After each bath procedure, you should open it for a while, otherwise the air in the room will be heavy and humid, in addition, there is a risk of poisoning. carbon monoxide.

When the furnace is being heated and the room is being heated, the ventilation in the steam room must be closed. After the steam room is fully warmed up, the exhaust dampers can be opened. To exclude the formation of reverse thrust, it is necessary at the stage to make sure that the exhaust openings are larger in area than the supply openings.

In the event that the stove is not installed in the steam room itself, then a different ventilation scheme is used in steam Russian baths. Near at a height of 300 mm. an inlet is made from the floor level, and an exhaust opening is arranged on the opposite wall from it at a distance of 300 mm. from the ceiling. Sometimes an inlet is made at the bottom of the wall behind the stove so that the air coming from the street is heated from the heater and the room cools moderately. On the wall opposite the heating device, 2 holes are made that will form a single exhaust duct. The first opening is located at a height of 1,000 mm. from the floor level, and the other under the ceiling. With this ventilation scheme, the steam room warms up faster and, accordingly, fuel is saved.

Air exchange device in the washing

In the washing room, as well as in the steam room, there is high humidity, which contributes to the appearance of mold and fungi. To avoid this, it is necessary to create an effective ventilation system in washing baths. Wash room a large number of moisture accumulates under the floor, therefore, to remove it, it will be enough to lay an asbestos pipe, one end of which is under the floor covering, and the other is brought out to the roof and equipped with a deflector.

Efficient controlled ventilation in bathhouse sinks will ensure dryness, moderate temperature, fresh air supply, carbon monoxide removal and fuel economy in the premises.

Scheme of ventilation in the dressing rooms

The neighborhood of the dressing room with the steam room leads to the fact that on wooden surfaces condensate settles. To preserve the cladding and prevent decay processes, the room must be well insulated and drafts excluded. Most simple circuit ventilation for the dressing room consists in the removal of moist air through the washing or. It is best to organize a forced-type ventilation system for this room.

How to properly ventilate the bath

Having more or less dealt with the ventilation system in the bath, you must also take into account other important points. The exhaust device must not:

• cause a violation of the temperature regime in the premises;
• allow cold air to rise to the ceiling;
• remove fresh air from the room.

The principles by which proper ventilation of the premises is created in the bathhouse depend on the architectural features of the structure of the building. In the event that special slots are provided in the floors for water drainage, then fresh air can flow through them and there is no need to make additional exhaust openings.

Often they make small windows, which, when opened, act as a hood. In addition, if the furnace of the heater is located directly in the steam room, then ventilation is even easier - just open the combustion chamber and, by changing the position of the damper, regulate the air exchange. These are the simplest, but most effective and low-cost options for installing a ventilation system.

Features of air exchange in frame baths

If in or air circulation is carried out through the rows lower rims, then in frame-type buildings sheathed with a large number thermal insulation material, there is no natural ventilation and for this reason it is necessary to provide for the creation of special openings with dampers.

most efficient system for the bath is supply and exhaust ventilation. To organize high-quality air exchange, it is necessary to create two channels. One of them is located near the floor and serves to bring fresh air into the room (if necessary, you can install a fan), and the second is arranged at a short distance from the ceiling and is necessary to remove hot and humid air masses and carbon monoxide. ventilation openings in frame baths must be equipped with special control valves.

When creating a ventilation system, it is necessary to take into account the area and shape of the steam room, as well as the location of the heater.

Chopped bath ventilation

In the Russian bath, where steam was traditionally prepared by hand, forced air circulation schemes are not suitable. In order for natural ventilation in wooden baths to contribute to healing, the following schemes should be followed when creating it:

• ensure the possibility of ventilation (creation of windows, door and ventilation openings);
• the upper borders of doors and windows should be at the same level;
• for steam rooms of a small size, simple ventilation is sufficient;
• a heater with a chimney is a natural exhaust of exhaust air and gases;
• for normal air exchange, it is possible to equip a ventilation supply opening with a damper and an exhaust opening under the ceiling next to the heater.

The device for good ventilation in a log cabin is very important point, since it is necessary to exclude the accumulation of excessive moisture, which adversely affects wooden structure and can lead to the development of pathogenic fungi and mold.

Ventilation system in a brick building

About the arrangement of ventilation in brick baths should be considered at the construction stage. Since a brick building does not provide for natural air circulation, the number and location of openings should be taken into account in advance.

The air exchange system in a natural way is identical to that in a Russian bath - the inlet is located next to the stove, and the exhaust is under the ceiling. However, if the bath is designed for a large number of people, then you should think about creating a forced ventilation system.

The fan must be installed at the inlet of the exhaust duct leading to. To speed up air circulation, several exhaust pipes are mounted, but it may be necessary to install supply valves so that the air masses are not discharged due to the difference in the volumes of supply and exhaust air. An overly powerful fan can lead to the same problem, and a device that does not match the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room in terms of power will not be able to perform its functions normally and the air exchange in the steam room will be rather weak.

Ventilation Bastu

IN Lately new and more efficient solutions are found for creating ventilation systems. Such innovations include the ventilation scheme in the Bastu bath. Among Russians, this system is very popular because of the ease of installation and high efficiency.

The principle of ventilation according to Bast is as follows. The red-hot heater acts as a heat pump and draws air from the supply duct. Cold streams, passing through, heat up very quickly and rise to the ceiling. Naturally, they push an equal volume of near-floor air through the exhaust duct. In the Bastu ventilation system, the supply and exhaust openings are located at the bottom.

For the device of such ventilation, two stainless pipes are required - the lower one is installed diagonally from the heater at a height of 200 mm. from the floor, and the top above the stove. Both outlets must be equipped with damper grilles. However, like all natural-type ventilation systems, Bastu can only work when the stove is running or when there is strong wind outside.

The main advantage of the Bastu ventilation installed in Russian baths is the ease of installation, which you can do yourself, thereby saving your money.

Competent ventilation device in the bath

Normal ventilation can be only if the conditions for the inflow of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air are created in the room. Despite the common concepts - ventilation is not entirely true, since it is always supply and exhaust. The principles of operation of ventilation for any premises are almost the same - fresh air enters through the supply opening and is removed through the exhaust.

When calculating ventilation systems, it is necessary to take into account the volume and purpose of the premises, the presence or likelihood of the formation of carbon monoxide or other chemical compounds harmful to health. Regulations set the frequency of air exchange for an hour, which can fluctuate 1-10 times or more. Next, the parameters and location of future air ducts are determined, taking into account climatic zones and weather conditions specific to the area. In the event that natural-type ventilation is not able to provide the necessary air exchange rate, then forced-type systems are used.

Where to place a window in the bath?

Windows in the bath are not only a source of light, but also a way to ventilate it. There is an erroneous opinion that the window in the steam room adversely affects the safety of steam in the room and the temperature. However, experienced attendants are advised to make even two windows in the steam room. One window is located above the shelves, and if the steam turned out to be too hot or someone felt unwell, then just open the window and everything will be in order. The second window is placed under the shelves, which allows you to quickly dry the sunbeds. It is made small and opaque.

Important! According to safety regulations, sauna windows should open inward.

It is also worth installing a window in the washing room. It will not only help to ventilate the room, but also to urgently evacuate in case of fire. The dimensions of the window should be such that a medium-sized adult can climb through it. Some bath owners are interested in the question: is it possible to install? If in the washing room, then yes. However, in a steam room, where the temperature reaches one hundred and above, the material from which the windows are made will begin to release toxic substances and warp. For windows in the steam room, it is best to use wood that is not resinous. You can easily install a window in a bath with your own hands, since the technology is no different from installing it in a residential building.

A grate made of wood or heat-resistant plastic and a metal mesh will prevent insects and pets from entering the premises. A corrugated hose or a galvanized pipe is usually used as an air duct. Experts do not recommend installing in a steam room plastic pipes because they are not designed to operate at high temperatures.

It is advisable to install the fan only on one, for example, on the supply air. Fans used for baths must be made of heat-resistant materials and have good sealing.

A video on how to make a fan with your own hands will more clearly show the process (a bladeless version is presented):

ventilation valves

The ventilation valve for the bath is mounted in the supply and exhaust ducts. There are two types of this device - KIV (air infiltration valve) and KPV (forced ventilation valve). Outwardly, they practically do not differ from each other, and the principle of their work is the same. The outer part of the damper is equipped with inclined shutters to prevent water from entering from the outside, and the inner part is equipped with a head and membranes for sound and heat insulation.

When installing valves, you should follow a few recommendations:

• for bath ventilation it is necessary to install dampers made of heat-resistant materials;
• installation must be done on load-bearing walls baths;
• it is not advisable to mount the valves on the walls facing the or trash can.

Article

As you know, ventilation is of great importance for every room, especially when it comes to rooms with high humidity. Bastu ventilation in the bath is installed quite often. When it comes to high temperatures, high humidity and the use of an oven, everything must be organized as correctly as possible, since the issue of safety plays a big role here. Installation of ventilation is one of the main points.

In the bath, most often they try to do without windows. Therefore, with the ventilation of the room can be a big problem. So from proper ventilation a lot depends. In any room where the stove is operating and there is a risk of combustion products in the air, care must be taken to circulate oxygen and carbon dioxide.

From the decay products of combustion in the steam of the bath, you can get burned, so good ventilation is necessary for this room.

Important! From ventilation depends on how comfortable people will feel relaxing in the bath. But it is also a very important point in order to avoid the development of fungus and mold on the walls.

If the moisture from the bath cannot go anywhere, it will begin to settle on the ceiling, on the floor and on the walls. As a result, rotting of wooden elements and the development of microorganisms dangerous to humans will begin in the room. If you use a bath in which a fungus or mold has wound up, this can cause an allergic reaction in a person. It is very difficult to remove fungi and other harmful microorganisms, so you need to create all conditions in order to avoid their active reproduction in the room.

With a lack of ventilation in the bath, condensation can accumulate, which will lead to the appearance of a fungus

Types of ventilation in the bath

Ventilation systems can be divided into several types. The hood can be natural, forced, and the systems themselves can be exhaust, supply or supply and exhaust. Also, ventilation can be local or general.

With natural air exchange, fans or other devices that will drive air are not used. This type of ventilation can be attributed to the usual window. Forced systems provide exhaust air to the street, and instead of it, fresh air with a sufficient oxygen content is supplied to the room.

For natural salvo ventilation in the bath, one window is enough

Considering that there is always a stove in the bath, natural ventilation can also be easily arranged here. The thing is that heating the air will provoke its accelerated movement, so it’s enough just to make two types of holes, namely, supply holes through which fresh air will flow, as well as exhaust ones to remove carbon dioxide. The first must be at the bottom, and the second at the top of the wall or in the ceiling.

Natural ventilation in the bath works due to the difference in the location of the hoods and the air pressure in the bath

But often natural ventilation is not enough. If the weather is absolutely calm outside, then the air circulation in the cooling bath will not be good enough. This will lead to the fact that moisture will begin to stagnate in the room and mold will appear.

For such cases, the bath is equipped with forced ventilation. It differs from the previous version only in the presence of special fans in the holes. They can be turned on when you need to intensively extract carbon dioxide from the bath or, if necessary, eliminate high humidity after using the steam room.

Forced ventilation in the bath works for exhaust due to the draft of the fans

Regardless of which type of system will be used, the exhaust openings must be located above the supply ones.

In order to ensure high-quality ventilation of the bath room, you need to correctly calculate the number and size of exhaust openings. It is believed that for one square meter the room should be equipped with a ventilation window of 20 centimeters.

Bastu ventilation

For a simple bath, you can use simple ventilation systems. But recently, new and more effective solutions have become very popular, for example, bastu ventilation in the bath, the diagram of which can be found below. Such systems are increasingly appearing in Russian baths and replacing natural and standard forced ventilation.

An example for this type of indoor air convection was the arrangement of Swedish baths. Among Russian masters, the idea quickly took root, since the installation of bastu ventilation in the bath is very simple, and its action is quite effective.

Bastu ventilation in a Swedish bath is an influx of air under, air circulation under the shelves with an outlet at the top near the wall with a shelf

For work similar system need a pipe. With its help, air is taken from the street and delivered to the room. Also, a damper must be provided in the bastu system, which will allow you to control the process of air mass exchange. This avoids unnecessary heat loss.

For correct operation, the Bastu ventilation device in the bath must include two holes in the wall, from which two pipes will come out. Experts recommend choosing stainless steel, as it is not only durable, but also easy to install. Stainless steel pipes tolerate moisture and high temperatures well, so they are ideal for use in a bath.

To ventilate the bath, it is better to use stainless pipes for the bath.

The bottom pipe should be placed diagonally from the stove about 20 centimeters above the floor. The top is installed so that it is above the oven. Both openings must overlap and also open when necessary.

Thus, if we take, for example, a sauna that requires frequent air changes (several times per hour), bastu ventilation will be a very convenient solution.

As for the classic Russian bath, things are different here. Therefore, the installation of the system, and especially its operation, may differ somewhat.

Natural ventilation bastu in the bath has a simplified view

Bastu ventilation in the Russian bath can be attributed to natural options, there are no special devices that would drive air, and the convection of air masses is regulated by valves installed at each pipe.

The bastu ventilation scheme in the Russian bath allows you to activate the ventilation holes when necessary. But it must be borne in mind that, like all other types of natural ventilation, bastu will only work if the stove is functioning or the wind is strong enough outside. This ensures the intake of fresh air. Without it, the furnace cannot work, due to it, traction is provided. But when new air masses appear in the room, the already used ones will be pushed out through the second pipe located above. Warm air with carbon dioxide always collects at the top.

Is it worth it to install basta in a Russian bath?

In a real Russian steam room there is always a lot of steam. There are no extremely high temperatures, so excess heat loss is unacceptable. Experts note that for such conditions, natural ventilation may not be the best. best solution. But if the bastu is still installed in a Russian bath, you need to use the system correctly.

It is not recommended to open the valves while vaping. So all the steam and heat will quickly leave the room. But the use of ventilation will be useful at the stage when the bath is just warming up. The active operation of the furnace can lead to the release of carbon dioxide, so ventilation is essential here.

It should be noted! The use of bastu-type ventilation in baths during the warm-up phase leads to the fact that kindling slows down significantly. This necessitates the use more fuel. However, there is also positive side, namely, that when the ventilation is on, the room warms up more evenly.

During the soaring itself, you should not use the ventilation system, but at the end of the procedure, it is worth activating the bastu pipes, as this will make your stay in the bath more comfortable. The air will become lighter as the steam escapes. It will become easier for a person to breathe, which will prepare the body for going outside. This is an excellent completion of the pair procedure.

you can control the ventilation of bastu in the bath due to adjustable ventilation holes

Moreover, if ventilation is activated at the end of the procedure, the air will become dry and excess moisture will disappear. Thus, the walls, floor and ceiling will be free from moisture, which will protect the bath from fungus and mold.

Pros and cons of bastu and natural ventilation

Important! The most important advantage of ventilation in a bastu bath is ease of installation.

There is no need to use any equipment, connect it to the network, etc. Everything is done very simply, and the ventilation functions on the fact that the stove draws fresh air through the lower pipe, which pushes the exhaust through the upper hole.

Work on such systems is simple, and materials are inexpensive. You can save on installation, as it is easy to do it yourself.

An additional plus is that natural ventilation works for a long time. It does not use equipment that can fail, so the system will function properly for many years. It is possible that someday the ventilation will need to be repaired, but, as a rule, it is insignificant and easily carried out on its own.

But bastu and other types of natural ventilation also have disadvantages. First of all, this concerns the fact that the possibilities of using ventilation directly depend on weather conditions and the operation of the furnace. If it is not very windy in summer, then in autumn and winter there are strong winds that cause drafts in the bathhouse. This complicates the use of ventilation.

The disadvantage of natural ventilation in the bath is a draft in strong winds.

Improper installation of the system can cause the air in the room to become unbreathable. There is no way to install filters in bastu, so unpleasant odors, for example, from a chimney, can penetrate into the steam room.

Ventilation in the bath is not only comfort, but also an urgent need. It is needed both during and after bath procedures:

• In the process, it is important so that no one gets burned. The danger of carbon monoxide poisoning is always present - it is the result of incomplete combustion of fuel. Therefore, ventilation is necessary for the safety of people in the bath.
• Besides the air that is inhaled and exhaled becomes "waste", and it must be removed, replacing it with a new one, with a greater proportion of oxygen.
• regulate the temperature, monitoring the condition of people, you can also use ventilation, especially when you need to do it urgently.
• Any stove runs on oxygen (combustion is oxidation), so it needs ventilation. And with a competent device, you can also get fuel economy.
• And, finally, drying after, on which the durability of the structure, especially its wooden parts, directly depends. Ventilation can be good prevention of fungus and decay.

At the same time, bath ventilation is quite complex and diverse in design. Of course, the question can be reduced to financial investments, but in fact, you just need a good ventilation specialist who will find the best solution in each case. We will consider all the possibilities and features of the device.

The ventilation system in the bath: what can it be?

Ventilation systems in baths are divided at once according to several parameters:

• forced or natural;
• exhaust, supply or supply and exhaust;
• local or public.

Let us explain that the forced one differs from the natural one by the presence of fans that forcibly drive air in or out, the local one differs from the general exchange one in its local character, for example, the chimney above the stove is local ventilation, and the vents are part of the general exchange.

As for the supply, exhaust and their combinations, these are indications of which air is directed where: the exhaust drives the exhaust air out, the supply air drives the fresh air in, and their combination creates a balanced air exchange inside the room.

These are general terms for any ventilation, but our task is to consider a bathhouse that has its own specifics. We advise you to familiarize yourself with (8 types) along the way.

Useful video

Watch a short video, as one of the options for organizing ventilation in the bath:

Natural ventilation in the bath

It works on the principles of physics, which say that heating makes air lighter and causes it to rise. And an increase in the volume of cold air accelerates the movement of hot air. Knowing about this property, you can not install any devices at all, there are enough ventilation holes, the location of which will make some of them supply air, and others - exhaust.

And in the bath there is a stove, and this is a very favorable circumstance for the direction of air circulation. If the natural ventilation inlet is located near the floor next to the blower, then the stove itself will draw in fresh air, without any fan. Also, raising the finished floor just above the hole under the firebox contributes to improving traction.

The exhaust opening is usually made on the side that is opposite the wall with the supply opening, but this is not the only option.

Forced ventilation

If fans are placed in the same holes, then you can not be afraid of calmness or other weather conditions that adversely affect the air circulation in the bath.

In principle, there is no big difference between natural and forced ventilation in the circuit itself, it is only a matter of which holes the fans are in. Because you can not put them everywhere, reinforcing only the exhaust or only the inflow. But by creating a large difference between the inflow and outflow, we change the pressure in the room. This is easily detected by the way the door slams. The task is to create a balance between outflow and inflow, and the air during bath procedures should circulate slowly, without causing a draft. And when drying, a draft is only good.

IMPORTANT! The direction in which the fan drives the air depends on the location of its blades, so it is important to ensure that there is no exhaust fan and vice versa.

Bath ventilation device: principles of operation

Bath ventilation can be conditionally divided into permanently functioning (roofing, foundation, wall) and periodically functioning, during bathing procedures and stove operation. Both are parts of a single ventilation system, which is laid during construction.

The principle of operation of the ventilation system: displacement of exhaust air with fresh air. In the most primitive case, two holes are enough for this, but in practice, flow directions also matter, so the number of supply and exhaust holes can be increased, and they themselves are equipped with dampers, which are a means of controlling flows, their volumes and speed.

Regardless of the location, the air inlets are always lower than the exhaust ones. Sometimes air flow is provided through the blinds at the bottom of the door to the steam room. But there is one rule: Where does the air come from, where should it go?. If we take from the premises, we need to return not to the street, but also to the premises. Otherwise it won't work.

The calculation of the area of ​​ventilation windows is quite simple: we must proceed from the fact that each cubic meter of room volume needs a window with an area of ​​24 cm². Windows in no case are made directly opposite each other at the same height.

1. When the bath warms up, the vents in the foundation close, the dampers in the steam room move.
2. During soaring, the windows open slightly as needed.
3. After completion of the procedures, the bath is ventilated entirely.

Also prepared to help you (10+ different schemes).

Bastu ventilation in the bath

Bastu-type ventilation, named after convection Swedish baths, is gaining more and more popularity in Russian baths. It is easy to make and highly effective.

The air flow under the furnace is carried out using a ventilation pipe from the street. In this case, a damper is required that would block it.

For air outflow, a box is mounted, which starts 20-30 cm from the floor and goes outside. The location of the box is diagonally from the furnace. The material is best stainless steel. The box must also overlap 100%.

So, it works as follows: if a certain volume enters the room, then the corresponding volume will be pushed out from there if there is an exit. A working furnace actively sucks in cold air from the supply air duct. Part of it is used in combustion (and leaves through the chimney), and part rises, heating up along the way from the stove. The excess volume in parallel begins to leave through the box, which takes air from the floor. Therefore, fresh heated air is in the breathing zone, and the exhaust is at the bottom and leaves.

Video

See how Bastu is explained and done in these videos:

Bastu ventilation is “turned on” and “turned off” by manipulating the valves. At the same time, the stove must work, because it is she who is the heat pump responsible for air circulation. If the stove goes out, the bastu ventilation in the bath will not work.

Bastu ventilation is ideally used in the sauna, where you need to change the air 6-8 times per hour. But in the Russian bath, the conditions are somewhat different, and although you can put the bass in it, there are restrictions on its use.

Bastu ventilation in a Russian bath

Russian banya is not too high temperature and plenty of steam. Under such conditions bastu ventilation in a Russian bath should not be “turned on” while soaring.

But you can safely start it at the very beginning, at the stage of warming up the steam room. In this case, the heating time will increase, but it will be uniform. If you leave the valves open, the bastu will dry out and overheat the steam room. You can try to "turn on" the bass at the last stage soaring - the air will be light, hot, you can breathe freely. Great ending to a run.

Bastu in the Russian bath useful for drying after procedures- she copes with this perfectly and there will be no smells, no mold with such drying.

Bath floor ventilation

The floor in the bath needs to be completely dried after the procedures. The first condition for this will be the organization of the correct flow, with a slope that will divert water into the sewer. Of course, there are several floor options.

For pouring (wet) floors, ventilation is especially important. Therefore, the gaps between the boards, reaching a width of up to 1 cm, are needed not only to drain water, but also to dry the boards. And the opening of the air in the foundation will help in this, which we will discuss below.

A dry floor does not imply gaps between the boards, because it is mounted from a tongue-and-groove board. So, the principle of its ventilation is somewhat different. It will be necessary to dry from above by means of salvo ventilation (this means opening all windows and doors) and the system that is provided in the bath, for example, forced supply and exhaust.

Useful video

Look at what dampness can lead to on a dry floor, even if it is covered with yacht varnish:

The ventilation riser in the washing room will be discussed below, but it also affects the ventilation of the floor.

And the floor is well blown during the operation of the furnace, if (as already mentioned), raise its level above the blower, and leave small gaps between the boards in the floor itself.

Bath foundation ventilation

Actually, everything starts with it, because it is mounted when laying the foundation. To do this, scraps of asbestos-cement pipes are taken, filled with sand and in this form are laid among the reinforcement, fastened with a knitting wire between the rods at a height of 5 to 12 cm above the ground. After stripping, the sand is removed.

There can be two such holes in total, laid on opposite sides of the base. However, in reality, it is necessary to take into account a number of various factors, on which both the number of holes and their diameter ultimately depend. By the way, the usual diameter is 11 cm.

Useful video

See what the lack of ventilation for floor and foundation ventilation can lead to:

Before designing ventilation, take into account:

• remoteness of the bath from the reservoir;
• location (on a hill or in a lowland);
• surrounded by other buildings on all sides;
• wind rose of this section;
• bath area.

It is clear that if the bath in the lowland or around solid buildings, more holes must be made, and even from all sides. You can also increase the diameter, but put a grille-blinds or damper.

CAREFULLY! Rodents can get into unprotected vents, so it is recommended to also tighten them with a metal mesh.

Holes provided with plugs are usually left closed during procedures, but they are opened to dry.

Ventilation of different rooms of the bath:

Due to differences in the temperature and humidity conditions of each of the bath rooms, ventilation in them is organized differently.

sinks

The washing compartment is the wettest, so it is recommended to equip it with a ventilation riser, which is located in the corner, under the floor. This is an asbestos-cement pipe, which is then brought out to the roof and supplied with a deflector from above. Ventilation in the sink occurs due to the pressure difference between the room and the end of the pipe above the roof, the air tends to the outside, carrying excess moisture with it.

The reason why you have to bring it to the roof is simple: if moist air is immediately driven out into the street, then the wall where this hole will be located will quickly deteriorate from the outside.

steam rooms

attic

Attic ventilation is a special song. It is done at the stage of installation of the roof.

1- ceiling 2- spotlights 3- roof ridge

IMPORTANT! It is not true that for attic ventilation it is enough for a window on the pediment. These windows will not replace the supply and exhaust system in the roof.

Supply holes are made under the roof canopy (between the roof sheathing and the upper part of the wall, where the rafters rest on the Mauerplate), and exhaust holes are made on the ridge. There should also be openings on the gables, but they are small and very high.

It is also important to take into account the ratio between the area of ​​the supply and exhaust openings on one side and with total area attic. It is optimal that the first be 1/500 of the second. The ratio between the area of ​​supply and exhaust is not 50 to 50, exhaust should be 10-15% larger in area than supply.

This system is suitable for those baths in which the attic is cold. And there are also baths with attics. There, ventilation is also done at a time when the roof is still open from the attic.

For ventilation of the under-roof space (between the roofing material and the membrane), either natural or forced ventilation can be used. But for the functioning of both, aerators and spotlights are needed.

Aerators are installed either on the area of ​​​​the roof slope, or on the ridge (these are the most effective). They serve for extraction. And the soffits are responsible for the flow of air. These are siding panels for sheathing roof overhangs, some of which must be perforated. The ratio of the area of ​​the ventilation holes and the ventilated area is the same as mentioned above 1/500.

IMPORTANT! The efficiency of aerators will be higher if you install only ordinary or only ridge aerators.

Fans for the under-roof space are used as supply fans. Special attention placed on the wiring so that it does not cause a fire.

baths in the basement or basement of the house

Part of the owners country houses takes a basement or basement under the bath. Such an arrangement of a hot and humid room makes special demands on ventilation, on which the durability of the whole house now rests.

Note that the redevelopment of the former residential or utility premises includes the redevelopment of ventilation. In general, it is more expensive than the bath included in the project of a house under construction.

One way or another, you need do not forget about the ventilation gap between the walls and the insulation. This will protect against damage to the insulation by condensate. But the moisture in the air corridor must also go somewhere. Therefore, for basement and basement baths, professionally made supply and exhaust ventilation is recommended, and it is better not natural, but forced. Both are accompanied by the installation of a basement deflector.

The location of the basement ventilation depends on the specifics of the project and will not be given here. It is also possible to install a special dehumidifier.

A good option would be to choose bastu ventilation - it's not so expensive, but very effective. The bastu device was mentioned above.

shower

If there is a shower cabin or an open shower in the bath, it is worth installing forced ventilation nearby, which will speed up the drying process.

If we assume that the air flow is provided by the already existing supply openings located in the washing room and other rooms, then you can put the fan only on the exhaust opening, which is located near the shower. (You can do the same if there is a bathroom in the bath.)

dressing room

The dressing room suffers from condensation due to the temperature difference between it and the hot rooms of the bath. That's why ventilation in it is necessary in the same way as everywhere else in the bath. One air is located below, the other is above. The lower one is responsible for the inflow of air, the upper - for its outflow. Installation of forced ventilation is not prohibited. In addition, you can ventilate the dressing room with the help of a door and (if any) a window.

In contact with

Proper organization of air exchange in the bathhouse is a serious task that requires a professional approach. It is not enough to build a bathhouse, finish the interior, install heating equipment and furniture. It is important to ensure effective ventilation of the bath rooms, to create a favorable microclimate that allows you to enjoy water procedures and contributes to a long service life of the finish, as well as the entire building.

Ventilation in the bath - the key to comfort

Rest in the bath will be a pleasure if the room is easy and comfortable to breathe.

In the steam room, the air temperature is very high, so if there is no ventilation in it, you can suffocate or get heat stroke

If there is a violation of the correct air exchange or in the absence of ventilation in the steam room, it will be difficult to breathe and it will be impossible to stay for a long time.

To create a comfortable microclimate allows the ventilation system, which ensures the supply of oxygen-saturated air and the removal of "exhausted" air masses.

The traditional layout of the bath complex provides for a dressing room, a washing department, as well as a relaxation room, and it is important to ensure effective air circulation everywhere.

Favorable microclimate in the relaxation room will allow you to relax after visiting the steam room

The increased concentration of moisture does not give pleasure as in the process water procedures as well as during the holidays. The human body is sensitive to lack of oxygen and high humidity.

The conclusion is unambiguous: in the bath you need to make good ventilation, so that it is pleasant and comfortable not only to bathe in it, but also to relax.

Violation of air circulation or lack of ventilation causes:

Types and principles of ventilation arrangement

For any type of bath (Russian, Finnish sauna, Turkish hammam) ventilation is provided, which can be carried out in different ways.

Natural air exchange

The principle of formation of convection air flows is based on the difference in temperature and air pressure from the street side and inside the bathhouse.

Temperature difference contributes to the movement of air currents

Maximum air exchange efficiency is achieved due to the correct location of the supply and exhaust ventilation lines.

For ventilation of the premises of the Russian bath and sauna, the traditional arrangement of air channels is used. The supply air duct is placed at a distance of 0.2–0.3 meters from the floor, and the exhaust duct is located at the same distance from the ceiling. Adjustment dampers in the room should be provided to optimize air flow and ensure comfortable temperature regime.

The damper allows you to control the flow of air into the room

Natural ventilation should provide air exchange, maintaining the temperature of the room and not creating discomfort during the rest. The advantages of natural air exchange are simplicity and low costs associated with the absence of the need to purchase expensive equipment.

Combined variant

The method of organizing the movement of air masses in a room using a fan that provides circulation is called combined. At the same time, there is no regularity in the location of the ventilation ducts.

The ventilation scheme is determined individually and provides for the installation of an outlet and a duct equipped with a fan, which is mounted on the supply line or exhaust duct and creates the necessary pressure drop.

Ensuring air exchange in the bath rooms by a combined method is convenient and economically justified.

forced circulation

Forced air exchange system is also called mechanical. The system is equipped with automation elements that control the temperature regime, adjust the humidity and the intensity of the circulation of air masses.

Forced air exchange provides the maximum level of comfort.

The increased costs associated with the purchase and installation of equipment, as well as the complexity of maintenance, limit the use of a mechanical air exchange system in small bath rooms.

For rooms with an increased area, forced circulation is used if natural or combined air exchange is not effective.

If the bath rooms are large, forced ventilation must be arranged in them.

The following types of mechanical ventilation are used:

1. Exhaust, equipped with a filter element and a fan. This type of ventilation provides effective removal unpleasant odors and polluted air masses from rooms with swimming pools, washing departments and recreation areas. The use of an exhaust system requires the supply of fresh air, which is necessary to compensate for the vacuum created by the fan.
2. Supply, providing the flow of air rich in oxygen. Due to the increased pressure, air masses saturated with vapors leave the room through the ventilation ducts, as well as through the gaps in the doors and windows. Combining the supply line with a heating device allows you to supply fresh heated air. The design of the supply air exchange is more complex.
3. Supply and exhaust, combining the principle of operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation. The use of this principle of ventilation in the sauna room requires preliminary calculations. The intensity of circulation is determined based on the fact that the volume of incoming air must correspond to the volume of displaced. In order to prevent the penetration of air from the bathroom into the recreation area, the ratio is deliberately violated. This allows you to create a reduced pressure in the toilet room and direct additional flows into it.

Principles of organizing air exchange

When planning a ventilation device, be guided by the following recommendations:

It is important to correctly calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bventilation lines. The cross section of the vent and air duct is determined by the size of the steam room, for each cubic meter the volume of which must be provided for 24 cm 2 of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ventilation duct.

For a comfortable stay in a heated steam room, provide the possibility of more than five air exchanges (the air in the steam room should be updated 5 times per hour). The layout of the supply duct and exhaust duct, as well as their number, should facilitate easy circulation of masses in the steam room.

Efficient air exchange will increase the service life of wooden floors. To ensure it is necessary:

The correct ventilation device will allow you to fully enjoy the steam room and get great pleasure from the bath rest.

Video: ventilation in the bath

How to make ventilation in the bath with your own hands

The organization of air circulation in each room has individual characteristics.

Waiting room ventilation

The vestibule or dressing room is used as a dressing room. The department is located away from areas with high humidity and temperature.

In a ventilated changing room, it will always be dry and comfortable

Usage front door contributes to the flow of fresh air and reliable ventilation of the locker room.

The location of a ventilation grill with a valve in the upper part of the wall will ensure natural air exchange and control the volume of incoming air masses.

During the construction of the building, it is necessary to provide a ventilation hole. If there is no air channel, then it must be done independently:

Air exchange in the sink

The washing compartment, in which the shower is installed, is ventilated due to the natural circulation of air flows moving from rooms with high humidity to ventilation vents or small windows.

The easiest way to ventilate the washing room is with the help of a window.

To increase ventilation efficiency and reduce humidity, it is advisable to equip the shower room with an exhaust fan.

Install the fan according to the following algorithm:

To ventilate the washing room, use fans with an operating voltage of 220 volts and a low power of 20–100 watts.

When purchasing a fan, pay attention to the ability of the device to operate at elevated temperatures and humidity, as well as the degree of protection, which should not be lower than IP44.

Organization of air circulation in the steam room

To ventilate the steam room, make 2-3 channels designed for air exchange. One line will provide fresh air, and the rest will allow the exhaust air masses to leave the room without hindrance.

The increased size of the exhaust duct allows you to quickly ventilate the steam room

Arrange the channels according to one of the proposed ventilation schemes.

The intensity of air exchange depends on the location and size ratio of the supply and exhaust ducts

Making holes at the construction stage will preserve the integrity of the finishing materials and facilitate work.

The area of ​​the incoming line must correspond to the size of the outlet channel. However, a more efficient convection flow can be achieved by slightly increasing the diameter of the exhaust line.

A prerequisite is the installation of adjustable valves that allow you to change the intensity of air exchange.

IN wooden bath the valve is best made from the same wood that was used for interior decoration

The implementation of measures for the arrangement of channels is not difficult:

Video: ventilation in the steam room

Creating a microclimate in the rest room

Comfortable temperature conditions and optimal air circulation in the relaxation room are achieved through natural air exchange.

An air duct at the top of the wall provides sufficient fresh air

It is important to provide an air duct equipped with an adjustable damper or ventilation valve. This will, if necessary, increase the intensity of the movement of air masses.

To organize access to fresh air, instead of a ventilation duct, you can use a window

Drilling a hole and installing the valve is not difficult.

Video: making a vent valve

Variants and layouts of ventilation ducts

Can be used in the bath different variants location of ventilation communications, providing for natural air circulation and the use of a fan.

Various options for the ventilation device differ in the location of the channels, but provide high air exchange efficiency

One of the proposed schemes of natural air exchange, which provides for the following options for placing ventilation lines, will ensure comfortable acceptance of bathing procedures:

To achieve a favorable temperature regime and comfortable humidity, air exchange schemes provide for the installation of a fan:

Remember that the performance of the fan installation is determined by multiplying the volume of the steam room by the air exchange coefficient.

For example, to determine the required air exchange in a steam room with an area of ​​​​10 m 2, having a height of 2 meters, it is necessary to multiply the volume by the air exchange coefficient equal to 5 (we already said above that in the steam room the air should be completely updated 5 times per hour). The resulting fan performance value is 10 x 2x 5 = 100 m 3 / h.

Heated air ventilation

Ensuring air exchange with simultaneous heating of the incoming air is carried out in the bath in various ways. They involve the use of a fan or natural air exchange. For example, by placing certain air channels in the immediate vicinity of a hot furnace, it is possible to simultaneously supply oxygen-saturated air and increase its temperature due to the heated surface of the heating unit.

In order to create a favorable temperature regime, comfortable humidity and smooth heating of the incoming air masses, it is necessary to use plugs or slide valves located on the air lines. To carry out ventilation, while heating the air at the same time, is a rather difficult task.

Each heating unit has its own individual "character". Only as a result of experiments, it is possible to choose the optimal mode of air exchange and ensure a comfortable temperature in the bathhouse.

To increase the temperature of the incoming air masses, you can use an electric heater that heats the air entering the room. This is another option for air ventilation with simultaneous heating.

The air entering through the ventilation ducts can be preheated with a heater

The power of the electric heater is selected experimentally.

The electrical equipment used in the bathhouse must withstand high temperatures and humidity, be reliably grounded and have a protection class of at least IP44.

Combining air ventilation with heating allows you to create comfortable conditions for vacationers, as well as reduce the costs associated with heating the premises with the help of heating equipment.

Acquaintance with the principles of organizing proper air circulation in the steam room, as well as other rooms of the sauna and bath, will allow you to independently organize the process of effective air exchange. It is important to correctly calculate the dimensions of the air lines and optimally place the inlets of the channels in the premises. Remember that the design of the heating device and the chimney additionally affects the degree of air circulation. By following the recommendations, you can avoid mistakes and enjoy wellness treatments in a bath with a comfortable microclimate.

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